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To upgrade a kernel...
How To Upgrade Linux Kernel
The easiest way to do this is to install one of the supplied Linux kernel image packages on your system. They may be obtained using apt-get or aptitude if you want to use the command line, or Synaptic if you want to use a GUI.
To install a Linux kernel image, you first have to decide which one you want to use. Start with
apt-cache search linux-image
Note that images are available for several flavours - depending on your architecture.
A good overview on available versions can also be seen at linux.
The latest version can be installed using:
$ sudo apt install linux-image-<flavour>
I only rarely bother, as I normally just update/upgrade the system files, but, if a major flaw has been found, then it's time for a newer kernel.
Since I last posted in this thread, (a year ago), all my machines are running Devuan, mainly brought on by having it available for my RPi4B/400/3B+/3A+ which I really appreciate. ![]()
My regular distro was #! (Crunchbang) for many years, (before systemd existed), & on its demise I transferred to AntiX, using the Base version.
I tried Devuan a couple of times in the mean time, but always returned to AntiX.
I've also used OpenBSD as a fairly regular system on a couple of boxes, because I liked its low footprint - recently I tried NomadBSD, (based on FreeBSD), it runs live, & can be installed - so I did, to all but one of my computers, but felt that the USB transfer speed was just too slow, it only lasted just over a week!
......& so here I am with Devuan on all my machines - desktops, laptops, chromebook, & SBCs. ![]()
So that brings me up to date. ![]()
If you really want to be up to date, you will have to compile the software & kernel yourself - otherwise you have to wait for someone else to do it & post it to the repos. ![]()
The images that I downloaded from the Devuan site worked OK, just had to enter my wifi details into supplicant.conf - rebooted & wifi came up OK.
(Both on the RPi4 & RPi3 images.)
How about "Linux supporters" who help Windows users to install and configure Linux?
We already had Linux User Groups who did this via Install Fests.
But what I do now is to install Linux onto old computers, & then give them to people who need a computer.
F4 or F6 maybe(?).
Or pavucontrol(?). (Input Devices)
Have you tried changing it in alsamixer(?).
The reason most people use MS Windows is because it comes pre loaded onto their computer when bought.
Computers should all come with a choice of operating systems - not be 'locked in' to one company's software.
I buy mine without an O/S installed, even pre used ones, & therefore, have the choice of which system gets installed. ![]()
Ah, OK, battery life - now that is a different subject.... ![]()
Load to ram, so as not to use the hard drive, was one way to conserve battery power, & reducing screen brightness is another.
You should be using 'Desktop Live' then, not 'Netinstall'. ![]()
It is quicker & easier to get a system up & running with the 'Desktop Live' version.
CPU usage is of little consequence to a normal desktop user. ![]()
Those that need good CPUs are those that use their resources heavily, like compiling software, complex graphics, CAD, etc.
What do you call a 'full' version?
To me, that would be 'Desktop Live'.
But if you want commandline, then choose 'Minimal Live'.
I'd use Elinks for browser.... ![]()
Plus, mc as file manager, editor, & music player using mpg123. ![]()
'Netinstall' is just the very basics to allow you to download (via ethernet cable) what you want from the internet when installing a new O/S.
Installer ISO - 'Desktop' is a DVD sized installation media (run it from disc or pendrive) useful if you don't have internet connection handy when installing.
'Desktop Live' is the easiest way to install a ready made system onto your computer.
'Minimal Live' is a full command line distro.
I have a 2006 Toshiba Satellite running the standard 32bit 'live' Devuan installed to disk, with just 1GB ram - I use a swap partition of 2GB, which allows for Firefox on the internet at reasonable speed.
<Having just come over from AntiX, which I'd been using for many years, (since the demise of #! [Chrunchbang Linux] ), your experience sounds very suspect, I have never encountered any negativity or bullying on the forums in all my time there.>
I've used JWM, & yes, it is a good WM, (I have my sister using it
), but I like a clean desktop, & I get that from Fluxbox normally, I generally use a right click menu, I don't need a task bar, but it is only a thin one.
I've seen a test somewhere that compares most of the WMs, & there is only a few MBs difference between them, JWM, Fluxbox, & IceWM being at the low end, are fairly close in using resources. ![]()
XFCE has obviously looked into reducing its footprint somewhere along the way, as I can run Firefox on XFCE & only use somewhere just north of 600MB, which leaves me plenty to have a couple of tabs open - I very seldom use more at any one time.
I'm literally just using the standard XFCE desktop install, & it works remarkably well, even using Firefox online isn't slow. ![]()
My preferred WM is Fluxbox, been using it for years. ![]()
Installed & started out using just CLI, including Links2, with mc & mpg123, but just had to add Fluxbox & Firefox-esr...... ![]()
Great little starter distro/version, likely I'll be dumping RaspiOS from my Pis soon, (as it seems to be somewhat bloated - & of course, has that systemd mess).
Many thanks for your work, (I got my download from Devuan.org this time).
PXE boot server is a similar concept, & has been around for ages - down load your operating system, & away you go.
The RPi SBC is a better solution - no information is held in the computer, not even the operating system, it is all on removable media, kept at your own home - why do people put their data up on the internet, so insecure.... ![]()
Depending on how you installed Devuan, do you have the following installed?
bluetooth 5.50-1.2~deb10u1
bluez 5.50-1.2~deb10u1
libbluetooth3:amd64 5.50-1.2~deb10u1
(No idea what to do with them without reading up on them, but they came installed on my 'live' install.)
With Linux, even with the standard live Devuan installed, my 2006 32bit laptop is still usable for all my daily tasks, as a normal user, & it only has 1GB ram! ![]()
I went off Debian when they foisted systemd onto its users, I've been using a non systemd version/distro, but they have been adding too many things to the already full menu, which just makes it look tatty now.........
So here I am, back to Devuan, (I tried it a couple of times in the past), using the regular 'live' version installed to disk.
Seems to be working well, but haven't looked below the surface, so to speak, (& I'm not so sure I can be bothered messing with altering things on distros any more).
I just needed to find a decent replacement for my previous distro. ![]()
I've just installed the regular live version (XFCE) onto my 80GB HDD on my 1GB ram old (2006) Toshiba Satellite 32bit laptop. ![]()
I gave it 2GB swap to help it along when using Firefox online - perfectly usable system, if a little bit slow at times on the internet, which could just be down to the internet itself. ![]()
If they have cards in whilst booting up, then the system may consider them as hard drives, rather than removable - but it certainly wouldn't worry me - I prefer to manually mount all external media myself. ![]()
If you remove, & then reinsert the cards, do they show up on your desktop?
Everything not needed to run a system should remain optional - we don't all run servers - if this is what it is meant for.
If the devs want to have a version for servers, that's fine by me, but please don't foist these things onto ordinary desktop users the likes of me, as I have no idea about them, & don't want them.
I just want a good working distro to do my daily tasks, thankyou. ![]()