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I just did a new test install of exegnu64_excalibur-20251119.iso on real hardware (hp tower with UEFI) and booted it. All seems well.
The commands I posted earlier from the qemu live usb session returned exactly the same in the new install. A video clip opened in mpv plays without error.
apt update && apt install claws-mailgives me claws-mail in the menu which opens as expected.
So I'm in the dark what happened to you but still curious to know why..
EDIT: also, cuyo installs and opens here (although I don't understand how to use it), mpv still working after.
Looking here from a live session (qemu, usb booted) of exegnu64_excalibur-20251119.iso .. This is the only published ExeGNU Excalibur.
user@exegnu:~$ dpkg -l|grep libdb5.3t64
ii libdb5.3t64:amd64 5.3.28+dfsg2-9 amd64 Berkeley v5.3 Database Libraries [runtime]
user@exegnu:~$ ls /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu|grep libdb
libdb-5.3.so
libdbus-1.so.3
libdbus-1.so.3.38.3Shows that libdb5.3t64 is installed and the suspect file is actually present. Also:
user@exegnu:~$ dpkg -l|grep mpv
ii mpv 0.40.0-3+deb13u1 amd64 video player based on MPlayer/mplayer2Shows mpv to be already installed.
So far I can't reproduce this error and mpv (here) works as expected.
The correct md5sum of exegnu64_excalibur-20251119.iso is: 3c606f377ac22b56ea4981ebeb54c25b
Does this match the ISO you used to install?
libdb5.3t64 is installed, but thats probably not, what mpv and others want.
Looks like it is: https://packages.debian.org/trixie/amd6 … 4/filelist:
File list of package libdb5.3t64 in trixie of architecture amd64
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libdb-5.3.so
/usr/share/doc/libdb5.3t64/build_signature_amd64.txt
/usr/share/doc/libdb5.3t64/changelog.Debian.gz
/usr/share/doc/libdb5.3t64/copyright
/usr/share/lintian/overrides/libdb5.3t64 of package libdb5.3t64 in trixie of architecture amd64/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libdb-5.3.so
/usr/share/doc/libdb5.3t64/build_signature_amd64.txt
/usr/share/doc/libdb5.3t64/changelog.Debian.gz
/usr/share/doc/libdb5.3t64/copyright
/usr/share/lintian/overrides/libdb5.3t64
In the meantime, thanks for trying ExeGNU and pointing out that error. I won't have time to investigate more till much later or tomorrow.
Also, what version did you install?
maybe I wasn't clear. 1065-refracta-lang is working correctly while the standard live-config option for locales is not working
I know exactly what you mean and saw it. It's because refracta-lang exits if locales= was used but only after running the older lightdm fix, which has issues in Excalibur. The latest 1065-refracta-lang does it differently (in ~/.xsessionrc not /etc/X11/Xsession.d/). This seems to work in all cases.
EDIT I did try running with 'locales=en_GB.UTF-8 nocomponents=refracta-lang' (refracta-lang disabled, no .xsessionrc). The correct locale was set for user but on relogin the lightdm switcher failed to reset the new session to en_US, even though ~/.dmrc was updated. Therefore the bug still exists but can be fixed in ~/.xsessionrc ..
I see that the standard live-config options for locales no longer works. Only the keyboard layout changes. I'll have to hack the boot menu on the next build.
Try this first. 1065-refracta-lang included a fix for lightdm (or xfce?) language issues https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugrepo … bug=765077 .. still unresolved. It doesn't work properly now.
I tried doing a similar thing using ~/.xsessionrc instead. So far and here it works for both lang= and locales= ..
Updated script: https://paste.debian.net/1412140/ (it might need some more edit).
I changed the line in /etc/lightdm/lightdm-gtk-greeter.conf
indicators=~session;~language;~clock;~powerto:
indicators=~session;~language;~layout;~spacer;~clock;~powerI now get a keyboard switcher in lightdm login screen. A lot of options but it seems possible to set a shortlist.
The rat seems inconsistent. Sometime I see it and sometimes not.
Strangely, the custom background shows in qemu, usb or grub boot you get the rat. Similar issue to https://dev1galaxy.org/viewtopic.php?id=7133&p=2 .. Seems upstream is uninterested in fixing that. But we can locally, in chroot:
# Convert a copy of /usr/share/backgrounds/xfce/deepsea_173556_640x480.png to svg (used png2svg)
# Copy the new svg to /usr/share/backgrounds/xfce/deepsea.svg .. Then (in chroot):
dpkg-divert --divert /usr/share/backgrounds/xfce/xfce-x_orig.svg --rename /usr/share/backgrounds/xfce/xfce-x.svg
cd /usr/share/backgrounds/xfce
ln -s deepsea.svg xfce-x.svgLanguage selector fix (even better to see a keyboard selector also) done here in chroot:
sed -i 's/#indicators=.*/indicators=~session;~language;~clock;~power/' /etc/lightdm/lightdm-gtk-greeter.confThe mtp boot noise is fixed by installing libmtp-runtime. The alsa error fix is as https://dev1galaxy.org/viewtopic.php?id=7400
Updated 1065-refracta-lang : https://paste.debian.net/1411823 .. Remember to name it correctly and +x it.
BTW there is no point showing fixed-disk icons on the desktop if they give no information and mount permission is denied!
EDIT How does Thunar actually do mounts? This needs sorting to assist use as a rescue image
Thanks for 13.1 Excalibur. Refracta Live has long been an essential addition to my USB travelling toolkit.
However:
The live-config script (/usr)/lib/live/config/1065-refracta-lang needs updating for this version
Language selector doesn't show in lightdm greeter
There is no preinstalled video player
Default xfce background xfce-x.svg (The Rat) shows rather than intended custom background
pmount for fixed disks and mmcblk* doesn't work
Udev boot error message noise (mtp and alsa)
There are simple fixes for all the above, done and tested OK here in a rebuilt ISO.
With 'python-is-python3' installed (16kb), ps_mem.py runs here without changing anything.
Worth rechecking the device really is assigned to wlan0 and not something else.. One of numerous methods:
inxi -nnThanks Devuan team, great work. It's solid. Although some of us impatient ones have ran Excalibur for 2 years already!
Now waiting for the new Trinity Desktop version to come out, then I can perform a fresh install.
No announcement yet but its imminent. Previously only 'preliminary stable builds' or 'preliminary testing builds' were available for Excalibur. Today:
# Trinity R14.1.x Stable Release (not for testing/unstable)
deb http://mirror.ppa.trinitydesktop.org/trinity/deb/trinity-r14.1.x excalibur deps mainis up and running. New packages show up as 4:14.1.5 and will upgrade from previous 'preliminary stable builds'.
If you already run Excalibur with TDE, maybe best make that change now if you want TDE stable release 4:14.1.5 ..
EDIT: Also, my thanks to the Trinity Desktop project, which has maintained packages for us since the early days of Devuan Jessie!
Thanks golinux, a good read. Supporters of software/digital freedom and opponents of surveillance should bookmark https://www.eff.org/ (Electronic Frontier Foundation, who Cory Doctorow says he works for).
If you have to use a cell phone, I recommend a grapheneOS phone.
grapheneOS seems to support (so far) only google pixel devices. Many others can run e/os https://e.foundation/ or lineageOS for microG https://lineage.microg.org/ .. as close as you will get to open source and also degoogled.
Here in UK it's probably now more expensive to keep a landline than a mobile.
there used to be a debianuserforums.org but that now gives me "403 Forbidden". Is it defunct now
Hazy memory.. now long defunct, the alternative Debian forum (~Etch or Lenny?) set up by banned and/or disgruntled users in response to mainstream forum censorship..
Here's the way forward (IMO) for rpi 3b+:
No need for dd images or installer iso's. Ditch the uboot for grub.
3b+ here runs (headless) multiboot daedalus, excalibur and ceres, selectable from grub menu. All done at first with debootstrap (mmdebstrap is better IMO) and chroot, with the sdcard temporarily in another (amd64) devuan machine.
Thanks Prowler_Gr for exposing a clearly political move, during Trixie "hard freeze" mode (and yes it's in today's Excalibur updates).
Who do these people work for? The changelog doesn't tell us much unless you dig deeper:
grub2 (2.12-8) unstable; urgency=medium
[ Mate Kukri ]
* d/default/grub: Always get distributor string from `/etc/os-release`
* Avoid adding extra GNU/Linux suffix to menu entries (Closes: #1076723)-- Felix Zielcke <fzielcke@z-51.de> Wed, 11 Jun 2025 17:42:34 +0200
Thanks also Prowler_Gr for your great work with AntiX and MX, much respect to both and many fond memories from the days of sidux where anticapitalista was a superb contributor. Although I never (yet) got to understand that unique live-boot process..
@Altoid, thanks for your input. I missed your linked post till now, what a battle!
All I can say about that without closer scrutiny: I have seen boot failure on USB drives which had grub previously installed (by design, accident , incorrectly or for another system) or had isohybrid previously dd'd.
What mostly worked here to sort that was, before any formatting, to zero out the mbr plus a bit more e.g.
dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sdX bs=512 count=4096"few and minor modifications" in this case means simply copy the contents of /isolinux/ to /syslinux/ then copy /syslinux/isolinux.cfg to /syslinux/syslinux.cfg. On a properly prepared USB drive of course.
Apologies if this is somewhat off-topic but might help resolve *some* usb boot issues.
A UEFI machine will not boot if there is no UEFI partition it can find on the boot device.
True but.. The 'esp' and 'boot' flags don't need setting on the USB. UEFI will look in /EFI/ on the first partition, which must be FAT formatted. Other files can be on the same partition. Therefore an ISO built with UEFI support can be simply copied to a FAT formatted USB and will boot in UEFI mode.
Done like this a USB will also boot in mbr mode; with few and minor modifications, the 'boot' flag set and syslinux correctly installed.
It should boot in both cases exactly like the cdrom with the same splash and boot menu.
As for 32-bit UEFI machines, I heard of them but never seen one..
Thanks fsmithred, I tested the modified r2u OK in excalibur and daedalus host, on similar and different OS live images. In Trinity Desktop and in XFCE. Except for one new bug discovered:
Live mounts now go to /run/live/ not (/usr)/lib/live/mount .. so setup usb from running live system option is broken in excalibur. It's a simple fix around line 158 in the main script, I can post an updated experimental package to the same place at some point.
It looks like snapshot is OK with handling initramfs edits. But that method is unsuitable for r2u since we may be working on a live OS that's different from the running system.
Thanks also greenjeans for your testing and alternative live iso flavours.
EDIT: Updated and posted https://exegnulinux.net/files/refracta2usb/
https://git.devuan.org/devuan/refractas … 7d53f7d9d8
That change calls mkinitramfs. It doesn't seem to work on an extracted directory. I tried it on an extracted excalibur initrd.img (while in daedalus). The output, when itself extracted, had files from my running system, not what was expected! And I see nothing in it's man page that mentions input from a directory.
EDIT: Of course, snapshot would only be used on a running system (unless in a chroot, never tried that). Maybe then it does work for snaphot, or at least appears to. But there is still the multiple cpio issue to consider..
unmkinitramfs version in excalibur doesn't extract as it was built (normally by update-initramfs). Kernel modules (already compressed) are in an uncompressed "early" cpio, prepended to the compressed "main" cpio.. However excalibur's unmkinitramfs extracts it to the "main".
The daedalus version does work as expected.
Unless I missed something, that's probably unsuitable for our purposes and maybe breaks something. I used a custom script, not wanting to rely on a deprecated version of what's probably not actually designed for our purposes..
Now posted here:
https://exegnulinux.net/files/refracta2usb/
No guarantees those changes are all good, till well tested in different scenarios. It's a work in progress with Excalibur in mind but should be compatible with at least daedalus.
The git repo is a great idea. For now, maybe take a diff against the extracted, original refracta2usb-2.4.3.deb to highlight the changes.
Thanks in advance anyone who wants to test but please be warned this stuff runs as root and is experimental so far.
And thanks especially fsmithred for this and the other superb refracta tools!
Refracta2usb remains, for me, the best tool to create a live usb. It is in need of some maintenance however.
Newer initrd layouts (excalibur>) place the kernel modules (now individually compressed) in a separate,
uncompressed cpio archive to which is concatenated to the main compressed cpio. Previously this was all lumped together. Also, if you have cpu microcode installed that will also be placed in separate, uncompressed and concatenated cpio archives. Plus live-boot (to be patched) is now version 20250225 for excalibur.
This breaks the patch_initrd function in refracta2usb which enables RW access to the partition containing the live-media. It's particular useful for a usb pen and various debugging activities.
Here's a list of those and some other changes I made here for refracta2usb. Not in any "official" capacity. Primarily for my own use but others may be interested. Starting with the most recent refracta2usb, newest changes first.
* Update patch-initrd for live-boot 20250225 (Excalibur).
* Support patch initramfs with multiple cpio's.
* Fix chown failure on vfat.
* Move PATH addition /opt/trinity/bin to main script.
* Fix failure to delete loop device.
* Fix failure to umount.
* Tidy up some script comments.
* Set USB mount options for user rw access.
* Open file manager/editor instances as user not root.
* Remove dialog references to root editor and file manager.
* Include /opt/trinity/bin/kwrite as editor option.
* Include final check and warning for USB umount failure.
* Trinity Desktop will crash if kwrite is called from root:
* Add extra launcher to suit TDE (shown only in TDE).
* Add adwaita-icon-theme to recommends (cosmetic only).
* Add --progress to all rsync commands in main script.
* Fix root owned logfile in user's $HOME
* Sort Lintian errors:
* Add lintian override to suppress refracta2usb.desktop warning
* Create basic man page (incomplete as yet).
* Add "extended description" to debian/control.
* Remove executable flag on some text files.
* Remove deprecated "snapshot2usb" title references.
* Add option to set debug mode in conf file
* Package as "Debian Native" with full source tarball.
I haven't got round to proper testing yet in all scenarios but seems good so far.
If anyone is interested I can post later, somewhere, the result. Maybe someone else could test it and write back. Maybe the next official version can use some of this.
Most recent iso, unpacked and chrooted:
mv /lib /zzzlib
ln -s usr/lib lib
apt install --reinstall linux-image-6.12.21-amd64
apt install --reinstall live-bootInitramfs was auto generated and manually copied to /live. Rebuilt iso, booted in qemu, seems OK!
Hazy memory of a ceres bootstrap a while ago, had to include usrmerge from the start. But I use mmdebstrap. Best check your initial bootstrap before adding to it.
Missing package, makes navigating in cli-only much easier: tree
btw: desktop-base 5.9 tested OK here (so far). Don't wait, get it from ceres.
I don't mind testing these, time permitting, if it helps. I have custom scripts ready to unpack, inspect, chroot and rebuild iso's. Also, they help me as test beds for some things I'm working on.
Neither of the images you posted have symlinks lib > usr/lib .. Others (bin, sbin, lib64) do. Therefore usrmerge was not done right. That explains the live-* errors and probably many others not yet noticed!
Newer live-boot I know installs to merged usr locations. Probably live-config also. I see there is a devuan live-config package but I not inspected that yet.
There is no actual /boot/initrd.img* on either iso, probably for the same reason.
One issue: Can't set a different background in settings dialog from anywhere except /usr/share/images/desktop-base/ .. Most of us will want a custom background after install.
If I go to init 1, delete xfce4-desktop.xml from /etc/xdg/ and /home/devuan/ then back to init 2 then only what's in /usr/share/backgrounds/xfce/ is then available. So the xml in /etc/xdg/ must be doing something. No idea yet why other locations don't work.
BTW what's with the monster initrd.img?
This worked here (qemu and usb), default backgroung is the one configured by /etc/alternatives:
1) Extract the iso
2) chroot the filesystem
3):
dpkg-divert --divert /usr/share/backgrounds/xfce/xfce-x.svg.dist --rename /usr/share/backgrounds/xfce/xfce-x.svg
ln -s /etc/alternatives/desktop-background /usr/share/backgrounds/xfce/xfce-x.svg4) Exit chroot, rebuild the iso, boot it.
devuan@devuan:~$ dpkg -S /usr/share/backgrounds/xfce/xfce-x.svg
local diversion from: /usr/share/backgrounds/xfce/xfce-x.svg
local diversion to: /usr/share/backgrounds/xfce/xfce-x.svg.dist
xfdesktop4-data: /usr/share/backgrounds/xfce/xfce-x.svgMaybe something similar could go in preinst/prerm of desktop-base.
devuan@devuan:~$ ls -la /usr/share/backgrounds/xfce
total 2388
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 292 Apr 7 11:33 .
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 27 Apr 2 16:10 ..
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 197011 Mar 3 01:34 xfce-blue.jpg
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 28575 Mar 3 01:34 xfce-cp-dark.svg
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 16972 Mar 3 01:34 xfce-flower.svg
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 160740 Mar 3 01:34 xfce-leaves.svg
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1428420 Mar 3 01:34 xfce-light.svg
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 263520 Mar 3 01:34 xfce-mouserace.svg
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 322121 Mar 3 01:34 xfce-shapes.svg
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4904 Mar 3 01:34 xfce-stripes.svg
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 6791 Mar 3 01:34 xfce-teal.svg
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4584 Mar 3 01:34 xfce-verticals.svg
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 36 Apr 7 11:33 xfce-x.svg -> /etc/alternatives/desktop-background
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 9298 Mar 3 01:34 xfce-x.svg.dist
devuan@devuan:~$