Posts by alexkemp

alexkemp · Installation

The combo I found that has worked is to introduce Backports. Guaranteed not to destroy your setup. Here is my example for Chimaera (last line):

$ cat /etc/apt/sources.list
deb http://deb.devuan.org/merged chimaera main non-free contrib
deb http://deb.devuan.org/merged chimaera-security main non-free contrib
deb http://deb.devuan.org/merged chimaera-updates main non-free contrib
deb http://deb.devuan.org/devuan chimaera-proposed-updates main non-free contrib
deb http://deb.devuan.org/merged chimaera-backports main non-free contrib

alexkemp · Installation

ralph.ronnquist wrote:

your IV and V are in wrong order

Many thanks - fixed.

Actually, you skipped over the pre-pivot stage

Good lord, I've skipped over so much detail that this is merely a large pamphlet rather than a multi-volume book. Which has only taken me several hours to research & write. But I take your point.

alexkemp · Installation

fsmithred wrote:

I think restarting anacron is sufficient, but a reboot would certainly work.

Many thanks for such quick responses & help.

I've had to go down some very deep rabbit holes to try to answer what needs doing. God knows, SysVinit doesn't exactly make the startup sequence simple.

Personal notes:-
• I met programming in 1973 (basic on punched-cards entered into a mainframe (?) via work-authorised evening classes).
• I met computers in 1986 (Amstrad laptop running MSDOS).
• I met Linux (and the Internet) in 1998 (whilst supporting Freeserve users on FS's premium call-line).
• I used Linux on a dedicated server in 1999 for 15 years until retirement (starting with Redhat 6, I think, & then the first CentOS)
• I fell down dead (heart fibrillation) whilst at Freeserve. Consequently I often need to fully research stuff to remember it all over again, which is (at least partly) what has happened here.

tl;dr:
Read "Summing Up" at the very end of this post.
See /usr/share/doc/anacron/README.Debian
See Introduction to SysVinit runlevels & scripts
See cron.{daily,weekly,monthly} (actually run by anacron which is called by cron)
Anacron leaves messages in /var/log/syslog
Anacron is NOT a daemon & thus is never seen by the system

So, hang tightly on to your chairs as we follow Alice down the Rabbit Hole (why not listen to the YT Official Music Video as we do this, but better is the 1969 Live Version at Woodstock (Grace Slick at her best as the sun rises and JA blow every other band from the previous 8 hours into dust) (12m views on 2022-06-29)):

The sequence goes like this:-
Ⅰ Computer loads a Bootloader (grub)
Ⅱ Bootloader loads the Kernel
Ⅲ Kernel loads System V init

There is a README in /etc/init.d (hooray!) which is written by Debian & talks mostly in terms of SystemD (boo!), although sysvinit is also mentioned (hooray!):

/etc/init.d/README wrote:

Configuration of System V init under Debian GNU/Linux
Most Unix versions have a file here that describes how the scripts
in this directory work, and how the links in the /etc/rc?.d/ directories
influence system startup/shutdown.
For Debian, this information is contained in the policy manual, chapter
"System run levels and init.d scripts". The Debian Policy Manual is
available at:
http://www.debian.org/doc/debian-policy/#contents

You may perhaps not be surprised to find that the chapter mentioned above for init.d scripts does not exist. Look instead for #starting-system-services instead:
- Chapter 9. The Operating System
- Chapter 9.3. Starting system services

See the README.runlevels file shipped with sysv-rc for implementation details

(on my system exists at /usr/share/doc/sysv-rc/README.runlevels.gz):-

README.runlevels wrote:

0. Overview.
All scripts executed by the init system are located in /etc/init.d.
The directories /etc/rc?.d (? = S, 0 .. 6) contain relative links to
those scripts. These links are named S<2-digit-number><original-name>
or K<2-digit-number><original-name>.
The following runlevels are defined:
N System bootup (NONE).
S Single user mode (not to be switched to directly)
0 halt
1 single user mode
2 .. 5 multi user mode
6 reboot

Ⅳ init examines /etc/inittab to locate & run runlevel S scripts

README.runlevels wrote:

1. Boot.
rcS executes all the S* scripts in /etc/rcS.d in alphabetical
(and thus numerical) order. The first argument passed to the
executed scripts is "start". The runlevel at this point is "N" (none).

$ cat /etc/inittab
# /etc/inittab: init(8) configuration.
# $Id: inittab,v 1.91 2002/01/25 13:35:21 miquels Exp $

# The default runlevel.
id:2:initdefault:

# Boot-time system configuration/initialization script.
# This is run first except when booting in emergency (-b) mode.
si::sysinit:/etc/init.d/rcS

# What to do in single-user mode.
~~:S:wait:/sbin/sulogin

# /etc/init.d executes the S and K scripts upon change
# of runlevel.
#
# Runlevel 0 is halt.
# Runlevel 1 is single-user.
# Runlevels 2-5 are multi-user.
# Runlevel 6 is reboot.

l0:0:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 0
l1:1:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 1
l2:2:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 2
l3:3:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 3
l4:4:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 4
l5:5:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 5
l6:6:wait:/etc/init.d/rc 6

$ man init
NAME
       init, telinit - process control initialization

DESCRIPTION
   Init
       Init is the parent of all processes.  Its primary role is to
       create processes from a script stored in the file
       /etc/inittab (see inittab(5)).  This file usually has entries
       which cause init to spawn gettys on each line that users
       can log in.  It also controls autonomous processes
       required by any particular system.

RUNLEVELS
       A  runlevel  is  a software configuration of the system
       which allows only a selected group of processes to exist.
       The processes spawned by init for each of these runlevels
       are defined in the /etc/inittab file.  Init can be in one of
       eight  runlevels:  0–6  and  S  (a.k.a. s).  The runlevel
       is changed by having a privileged user run telinit, which
       sends appropriate signals to init, telling it which runlevel
       to change to.

       Runlevels S, 0, 1, and 6 are reserved.  Runlevel S is used
       to initialize the system on boot.  When starting runlevel S
       (on boot) or runlevel 1 (switching from a multi-user
       runlevel) the system is entering ``single-user mode'',
       after which the current runlevel is S.  Runlevel 0 is used
       to halt the system; runlevel 6 is used to reboot the system.

       After booting through S the system automatically enters
       one of the multi-user runlevels 2 through 5, unless there
       was some problem that needs to be fixed by the
       administrator in single-user mode.  Normally after entering
       single-user mode the administrator performs maintenance
       and then reboots the system.

BOOTING
       After init is invoked as the last step of the kernel boot
       sequence, it looks for the file /etc/inittab to see if there
       is an entry of the type initdefault (see inittab(5)). The
       initdefault entry determines the initial runlevel of the
       system.  If there is no such entry (or no /etc/inittab at
       all), a runlevel must be entered at the system console.

       Runlevel S or s initialize the system and do not require
       an /etc/inittab file.

       In single user mode, /sbin/sulogin is invoked on
       /dev/console.

       When entering single user mode, init initializes the
       consoles stty settings to sane values. Clocal mode is set.
       Hardware speed and handshaking are not changed.

       When entering a multi-user mode for the first time, init
       performs the boot and bootwait entries to allow file
       systems to be mounted before users can log in.  Then all
       entries matching the runlevel are processed.

       When starting a new process, init first checks whether the
       file /etc/initscript exists. If it does, it uses this script  to
       start the process.

       Each time a child terminates, init records the fact and the
       reason it died in /var/run/utmp and /var/log/wtmp, provided
       that these files exist.

BOOTFLAGS
       It  is  possible  to  pass  a  number of flags to init from the
       boot monitor (GRUB). Init accepts the following flags:

       -s, S, single
            Single user mode boot. In this mode /etc/inittab is
            examined and the bootup rc scripts are usually run before
            the single user mode shell is started.

       1-5  Runlevel to boot into.

Ⅴ init switches to the default runlevel, running anacron & then cron + other scripts, including slim

README.runlevels wrote:

2. Going multiuser.
After the rcS.d scripts have been executed, init switches to the
default runlevel as specified in /etc/inittab, usually "2".
Init then executes the /etc/init.d/rc script which takes care of
starting the services in /etc/rc2.d.

We are finally getting close to understanding how anacron works. Here is the listing of init scripts run from rc2.d, in the order that they are run. Note that anacron is loaded early before cron:

$ la /etc/rc2.d
total 0
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 27 Jul 29  2020 K01speech-dispatcher -> ../init.d/speech-dispatcher
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 37 Nov 26  2021 README -> /usr/share/doc/sysv-rc/rc2-5.d-README
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 26 May 12  2018 S01console-setup.sh -> ../init.d/console-setup.sh
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 37 Sep 27  2021 S02pulseaudio-enable-autospawn -> ../init.d/pulseaudio-enable-autospawn
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 May 12  2018 S02rsyslog -> ../init.d/rsyslog
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 14 Jul 29  2020 S02sudo -> ../init.d/sudo
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 May 12  2018 S02uuidd -> ../init.d/uuidd
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 Dec 18  2018 S03acpid -> ../init.d/acpid
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 Dec 18  2018 S03anacron -> ../init.d/anacron
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 26 Jun  7  2019 S03clamav-freshclam -> ../init.d/clamav-freshclam
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 14 Dec 18  2018 S03cron -> ../init.d/cron
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 14 Dec 18  2018 S03dbus -> ../init.d/dbus
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 Dec 18  2018 S03exim4 -> ../init.d/exim4
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 Dec 18  2018 S03hddtemp -> ../init.d/hddtemp
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 20 Dec 18  2018 S03irqbalance -> ../init.d/irqbalance
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 13 Dec 18  2018 S03ntp -> ../init.d/ntp
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 19 Jul 29  2020 S03rmnologin -> ../init.d/rmnologin
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 Dec 18  2018 S03rsync -> ../init.d/rsync
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 23 Feb  9  2021 S03smartmontools -> ../init.d/smartmontools
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 22 Dec 18  2018 S04avahi-daemon -> ../init.d/avahi-daemon
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 19 Aug 23  2021 S04bluetooth -> ../init.d/bluetooth
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 Feb 26  2021 S04elogind -> ../init.d/elogind
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 25 Sep 27  2021 S04network-manager -> ../init.d/network-manager
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 14 Dec 18  2018 S04slim -> ../init.d/slim
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 14 Dec 18  2018 S04wicd -> ../init.d/wicd
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 18 Dec 18  2018 S05bootlogs -> ../init.d/bootlogs
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 14 Dec 18  2018 S05cups -> ../init.d/cups
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 22 Dec 18  2018 S05cups-browsed -> ../init.d/cups-browsed
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 Dec 18  2018 S05saned -> ../init.d/saned
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 18 Dec 18  2018 S06rc.local -> ../init.d/rc.local

/etc/init.d/anacron wrote:

#! /bin/sh
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides: anacron
# Required-Start: $remote_fs $syslog $time
# Required-Stop: $remote_fs $syslog $time
# Default-Start: 2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop:
# Short-Description: Run anacron jobs
# Description: The first purpose of this script is to run anacron at
# boot so that it can catch up with missed jobs. Note
# that anacron is not a daemon. It is run here just once
# and is later started by the real cron. The second
# purpose of this script is that said cron job invokes
# this script to start anacron at those subsequent times,
# to keep the logic in one place.

Ⅵ Anacron examines /etc/anacrontab to locate & run the /etc/cron.{daily,weekly,monthly} scripts

cron expects the machine that hosts it to be running 24 «» 7 «» 365
anacron is happy for it's host to take non-scheduled breaks

Thus, cron is well-fitted for use upon a non-SystemD network server, whilst anacron is better fitted for a Desktop machine.

man anacron wrote:

ANACRON(8)
NAME
anacron - runs commands periodically
DESCRIPTION
Anacron can be used to execute commands periodically, with
a frequency specified in days. Unlike cron(8), it does not
assume that the machine is running continuously. Hence, it
can be used on machines that aren't running 24 hours a day, to
control daily, weekly, and monthly jobs that are usually controlled
by cron.
When executed, Anacron reads a list of jobs from a configuration
file, normally /etc/anacrontab (see anacrontab(5)). This file
contains the list of jobs that Anacron controls. Each job entry
specifies a period in days, a delay in minutes, a unique job
identifier, and a shell command.
For each job, Anacron checks whether this job has been
executed in the last n days, where n is the period specified for
that job. If not, Anacron runs the job's shell command, after
waiting for the number of minutes specified as the delay
parameter.
After the command exits, Anacron records the date in a special
timestamp file for that job, so it can know when to execute it
again. Only the date is used for the time calculations. The
hour is not used.
When there are no more jobs to be run, Anacron exits.
If a job generates any output on its standard output or standard
error, the output is mailed to the user running Anacron (usually
root), or to the address contained by the MAILTO environment
variable in the crontab, if such exists.
Informative messages about what Anacron is doing are sent to
syslogd(8) under facility cron, priority notice. Error messages
are sent at priority error.
"Active" jobs (i.e. jobs that Anacron already decided to run and
now wait for their delay to pass, and jobs that are currently
being executed by Anacron), are "locked", so that other copies
of Anacron won't run them at the same time.
DEBIAN-SPECIFIC CONFIGURATION
On Debian-based systems, anacron will be activated hourly
every day from 07:30 local time to 23:30 local time through cron
job (on non-systemd systems where cron is installed and enabled)
or systemd timer (on systemd-based systems). On activation,
anacron will check if it missed some jobs. If yes, it will start those
jobs after a short period of time.

$ cat /etc/anacrontab
# /etc/anacrontab: configuration file for anacron

# See anacron(8) and anacrontab(5) for details.

SHELL=/bin/sh
PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin
HOME=/root
LOGNAME=root

# These replace cron's entries
1	5	cron.daily	run-parts --report /etc/cron.daily
7	10	cron.weekly	run-parts --report /etc/cron.weekly
@monthly	15	cron.monthly	run-parts --report /etc/cron.monthly

Ⅶ Cron examines /etc/crontab to locate & run the cron scripts

Cron is used now only on non-SystemD desktops. When used together with Anacron it is changed by Debian to only run hourly, initiating anacron via /etc/cron.d/anacron (which script is what actually inspects & runs the cron.{daily,weekly,monthly} scripts).

man cron wrote:

CRON(8)
NAME
cron - daemon to execute scheduled commands (Vixie Cron)
NOTES
cron searches its spool area (/var/spool/cron/crontabs) for crontab
files (which are named after accounts in /etc/passwd); crontabs
found are loaded into memory. Note that crontabs in this directory
should not be accessed directly - the crontab command should be
used to access and update them.
cron also reads /etc/crontab, which is in a slightly different format
(see crontab(5)). In Debian, the content of /etc/crontab is
predefined to run programs under /etc/cron.hourly, /etc/cron.daily,
/etc/cron.weekly and /etc/cron.monthly.
This configuration is specific to Debian, see the note under
DEBIAN SPECIFIC below.
Additionally, in Debian, cron reads the files in the /etc/cron.d
directory. cron treats the files in /etc/cron.d as in the same way as
the /etc/crontab file (they follow the special format of that file,
i.e. they include the user field). However, they are independent
of /etc/crontab: they do not, for example, inherit environment
variable settings from it. This change is specific to Debian see the
note under DEBIAN SPECIFIC below.
Like /etc/crontab, the files in the /etc/cron.d directory are monitored
for changes. In general, the system administrator should not use
/etc/cron.d/, but use the standard system crontab /etc/crontab.
DEBIAN SPECIFIC
Debian introduces some changes to cron that were not originally
available upstream. The most significant changes introduced are:
— Support for /etc/cron.{hourly,daily,weekly,monthly} via /etc/crontab,
Support for /etc/cron.hourly, /etc/cron.daily, /etc/cron.weekly and
/etc/cron.monthly is provided in Debian through the default setting of the
/etc/crontab file (see the system-wide example in crontab(5)). The
default system-wide crontab contains four tasks: run every hour, every
day, every week and every month. Each of these tasks will execute
run-parts providing each one of the directories as an argument. These
tasks are disabled if anacron is installed (except for the hourly task) to
prevent conflicts between both daemons.

$ cat /etc/crontab
# /etc/crontab: system-wide crontab
# Unlike any other crontab you don't have to run the `crontab'
# command to install the new version when you edit this file
# and files in /etc/cron.d. These files also have username fields,
# that none of the other crontabs do.

SHELL=/bin/sh
PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin

# Example of job definition:
# .---------------- minute (0 - 59)
# |  .------------- hour (0 - 23)
# |  |  .---------- day of month (1 - 31)
# |  |  |  .------- month (1 - 12) OR jan,feb,mar,apr ...
# |  |  |  |  .---- day of week (0 - 6) (Sunday=0 or 7) OR sun,mon,tue,wed,thu,fri,sat
# |  |  |  |  |
# *  *  *  *  * user-name command to be executed
17 *	* * *	root    cd / && run-parts --report /etc/cron.hourly
25 6	* * *	root	test -x /usr/sbin/anacron || ( cd / && run-parts --report /etc/cron.daily )
47 6	* * 7	root	test -x /usr/sbin/anacron || ( cd / && run-parts --report /etc/cron.weekly )
52 6	1 * *	root	test -x /usr/sbin/anacron || ( cd / && run-parts --report /etc/cron.monthly )
#
$ la /etc/cron.d
total 20
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 285 May 19  2019 anacron
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 201 Jun  7  2021 e2scrub_all
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 712 Dec 17  2018 php
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 102 Jun 11  2015 .placeholder
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 190 May 12  2018 popularity-contest
$ cat /etc/cron.d/anacron
# /etc/cron.d/anacron: crontab entries for the anacron package

SHELL=/bin/sh
PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin

30 7-23 * * *   root	[ -x /etc/init.d/anacron ] && if [ ! -d /run/systemd/system ]; then /usr/sbin/invoke-rc.d anacron start >/dev/null; fi

Summing Up

Once Anacron is correctly installed there should be zero need to restart neither Anacron nor the System, as long as Cron is correctly installed & is running. The sequence of affairs is slightly tortuous, but goes something like this:-

Cron is initiated once per hour
Cron examines /etc/cron.d & runs the /etc/cron.d/anacron script…
…which itself runs the /etc/init.d/anacron script…
…which loads the anacron binary…
…which examines & runs all cron.{daily,weekly,monthly} scripts that need to be run

Immediately after those final scripts have been run the anacron binary unloads itself (it is not a daemon).

Perhaps the best method to test for the Cron daemon being active is the following (note that in the listing below Anacron appears as "not present", which is the result that got me started on this 3-day research & write-up in the first place!) (cron shows as "+" which means yes, it is active):-

$ service --status-all
 [ + ]  acpid
 [ ? ]  alsa-utils
 [ - ]  anacron
 [ - ]  apparmor
 [ + ]  avahi-daemon
 [ + ]  bluetooth
 [ - ]  bootlogs
 [ - ]  bootmisc.sh
 [ - ]  brightness
 [ - ]  checkfs.sh
 [ - ]  checkroot-bootclean.sh
 [ - ]  checkroot.sh
 [ - ]  clamav-freshclam
 [ - ]  console-setup.sh
 [ + ]  cron
 [ ? ]  cryptdisks
 [ ? ]  cryptdisks-early
 [ + ]  cups
 [ + ]  cups-browsed
 [ + ]  dbus
 [ + ]  elogind
 [ + ]  eudev
 [ - ]  exim4
 [ - ]  hddtemp
 [ - ]  hostname.sh
 [ ? ]  hwclock.sh
 [ - ]  irqbalance
 [ - ]  keyboard-setup.sh
 [ - ]  killprocs
 [ ? ]  kmod
 [ - ]  live-config
 [ - ]  live-tools
 [ - ]  lm-sensors
 [ ? ]  mount-configfs
 [ - ]  mountall-bootclean.sh
 [ - ]  mountall.sh
 [ - ]  mountdevsubfs.sh
 [ - ]  mountkernfs.sh
 [ - ]  mountnfs-bootclean.sh
 [ - ]  mountnfs.sh
 [ + ]  network-manager
 [ ? ]  networking
 [ + ]  nfs-common
 [ - ]  nftables
 [ + ]  ntp
 [ - ]  procps
 [ - ]  pulseaudio-enable-autospawn
 [ - ]  rc.local
 [ - ]  rmnologin
 [ - ]  rpcbind
 [ - ]  rsync
 [ + ]  rsyslog

alexkemp · Installation

Oops. Already performed your earlier fix. Hope that the earlier one actually works. Or do I need to revert that change & use dpkg-divert instead?

Does the system need restarting? What initiates /etc/cron* at startup anyway? (I've always wondered).

alexkemp · Installation

I've set it up myself, as it is the listing I use most:

$ alias
alias egrep='egrep --color=auto'
alias fgrep='fgrep --color=auto'
alias grep='grep --color=auto'
alias la='ls -Al'
alias ls='ls --color=auto'

alexkemp · Installation

$ dpkg -S /usr/sbin/anacron
diversion by live-config from: /usr/sbin/anacron
diversion by live-config to: /usr/sbin/anacron.orig.anacron
anacron: /usr/sbin/anacron

$ sudo apt install --reinstall anacron
[sudo] password for alexk: 
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 1 reinstalled, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 0 B/35.0 kB of archives.
After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used.
(Reading database ... 197564 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../anacron_2.3-30_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking anacron (2.3-30) over (2.3-30) ...
Setting up anacron (2.3-30) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.9.4-2) ...

$ la /usr/sbin/anacron
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 Jul 21  2017 /usr/sbin/anacron -> /bin/true
$ la /usr/sbin/anacron.orig.anacron
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 38928 Feb  6  2021 /usr/sbin/anacron.orig.anacron

WTF?

alexkemp · Installation

OMG

I also used the refracta install when I first installed Devuan. There is zero else that I can think of that could have caused this:-

$ la /usr/sbin/anacron
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 Jul 21  2017 /usr/sbin/anacron -> /bin/true

Would removing anacron actually cause harm?

alexkemp · Devuan

I found some notes that I made at the time that I thought worth adding, but could not edit the OP, so will put them here.

In terms of package repositories:–

‘main’ + ‘security’ are recommended by default for the stable release
‘updates’ are “safe to upgrade right away” for the stable release
‘proposed-updates’ are “usually safe to use” for the stable release
‘backports’ are “linked to stable dependencies” for the stable release

And to complete this little update, here is the current listing used successfully since upgrade:–

$ cat /etc/apt/sources.list
deb http://deb.devuan.org/merged chimaera main non-free contrib
deb http://deb.devuan.org/merged chimaera-security main non-free contrib
deb http://deb.devuan.org/merged chimaera-updates main non-free contrib
deb http://deb.devuan.org/devuan chimaera-proposed-updates main non-free contrib
deb http://deb.devuan.org/merged chimaera-backports main non-free contrib

alexkemp · Desktop and Multimedia

deepforest wrote:

Can you you explain why linux community hate nvidia?

This is a very old story that affects multiple (so-called) hardware suppliers. The "so-called" is in there because of the growth of Firmware within hardware. The hardware manufacturers love that firmware because it allows them to keep control. They may refuse to release the software source (also to keep control) and then are hated by Linux adherents.

All the above means that even if you currently have a working system, at some point something will upgrade & the mfc may refuse to update *it's* firmware & immediately your expensive hardware becomes a brick.

You cannot fix stupidity. Learn your lesson, sigh & walk away.

alexkemp · Hardware & System Configuration

Searching, I came across the multi-OS fswatch:

A monitor which periodically stats the file system, saves file modification times in memory and manually calculates file system changes, which can work on any operating system where stat (2) can be used.

It is within Synaptic:

A monitor based on inotify, a Linux kernel subsystem that reports file system changes to applications

That looks a possibility, and particularly since it works from any of a varied selection of available APIs.

alexkemp · Desktop and Multimedia

$ apt-cache search kid3
kid3 - KDE audio tag editor
kid3-cli - Command line audio tag editor
kid3-core - Audio tag editor core libraries and data
kid3-qt - Audio tag editor
$ apt-cache showpkg  kid3
Package: kid3
Versions: 
3.8.5-3 (/var/lib/apt/lists/deb.devuan.org_merged_dists_chimaera_main_binary-amd64_Packages)
 Description Language: 
                 File: /var/lib/apt/lists/deb.devuan.org_merged_dists_chimaera_main_binary-amd64_Packages
                  MD5: 62c283c9a6db1de53afbc80f8d4105f8
 Description Language: en
                 File: /var/lib/apt/lists/deb.devuan.org_merged_dists_chimaera_main_i18n_Translation-en
                  MD5: 62c283c9a6db1de53afbc80f8d4105f8

Reverse Depends: 
  kid3-core,kid3 3.8.5-2
  kid3-core,kid3 3.8.5-2
  kid3-cli,kid3 3.0.2-2
  kid3-cli,kid3 3.0.2-2
Dependencies: 
3.8.5-3 - kio (0 (null)) libc6 (2 2.14) libgcc-s1 (2 3.0) libkf5configcore5 (2 4.97.0) libkf5configgui5 (2 4.97.0) libkf5configwidgets5 (2 5.23.0) libkf5coreaddons5 (2 4.100.0) libkf5kiocore5 (2 5.69.0) libkf5widgetsaddons5 (2 4.96.0) libkf5xmlgui5 (2 4.98.0) libqt5core5a (2 5.15.1) libqt5gui5 (18 5.7.0) libqt5gui5-gles (2 5.7.0) libqt5widgets5 (2 5.0.2) libstdc++6 (2 4.1.1) kid3-core (5 3.8.5-3) 
Provides: 
3.8.5-3 - 
Reverse Provides:

$ apt-cache search falso
exfalso - audio tag editor for GTK+
quodlibet - audio library manager and player for GTK3
$ apt-cache showpkg exfalso
Package: exfalso
Versions: 
4.3.0-1 (/var/lib/apt/lists/deb.devuan.org_merged_dists_chimaera_main_binary-amd64_Packages) (/var/lib/dpkg/status)
 Description Language: 
                 File: /var/lib/apt/lists/deb.devuan.org_merged_dists_chimaera_main_binary-amd64_Packages
                  MD5: fcc2776342ffcd06e76d0d3544249a2e
 Description Language: en
                 File: /var/lib/apt/lists/deb.devuan.org_merged_dists_chimaera_main_i18n_Translation-en
                  MD5: fcc2776342ffcd06e76d0d3544249a2e

Reverse Depends: 
  quodlibet,exfalso 4.3.0-1
Dependencies: 
4.3.0-1 - gir1.2-gtk-3.0 (0 (null)) gir1.2-soup-2.4 (0 (null)) python3 (2 3.5) python3-feedparser (0 (null)) python3-gi (0 (null)) python3-gi-cairo (0 (null)) python3-mutagen (2 1.34) python3:any (0 (null)) libjs-sphinxdoc (2 1.0) sphinx-rtd-theme-common (2 0.4.3+dfsg) quodlibet-plugins (0 (null)) python3-musicbrainzngs (0 (null)) brasero (16 (null)) k3b (16 (null)) xfburn (0 (null)) gir1.2-gstreamer-1.0 (0 (null)) libmodplug1 (0 (null)) quodlibet-plugins (0 (null)) 
Provides: 
4.3.0-1 - quodlibet-plugins (= ) 
Reverse Provides:

alexkemp · Documentation

AlexKemp wrote:

My problem is that, as best as I can tell, I should have the same problem as you (since I have NOT changed my GPG & sources.list setup) but do not.

Thanks to xinomilo giving the Chimaera Release Notes link I now know why not:

Starting from Devuan 2.0 ASCII, users should exclusively use deb.devuan.org in their sources.list file
The package mirrors at deb.devuan.org are signed with the following GPG key (UID: Amprolla3 on Nemesis; see below)
The key is included in the devuan-keyring package. In order to use deb.devuan.org, you must have devuan-keyring_2017.10.03 or higher

$ apt-key list
(…)
/etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/devuan-keyring-2017-archive.gpg
------------------------------------------------------
pub   rsa4096 2017-09-04 [SC] [expires: 2022-09-03]
      E032 601B 7CA1 0BC3 EA53  FA81 BB23 C00C 61FC 752C
uid           [ unknown] Devuan Repository (Amprolla3 on Nemesis) <repository@devuan.org>
sub   rsa4096 2017-09-04 [E] [expires: 2022-09-03]

The simplest way to install that key is via APT (do understand that apt's current behaviour is unsafe & deprecated, as set out in my earlier post):

As detailed in the Devuan Keyring page:

Installing:

# apt-get install devuan-keyring

Listing installed files:

$ dpkg -L devuan-keyring
/.
/etc
/etc/apt
/etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d
/etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/devuan-keyring-2016-archive.gpg
/etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/devuan-keyring-2016-cdimage.gpg
/etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/devuan-keyring-2017-archive.gpg
/usr
/usr/share
/usr/share/doc
/usr/share/doc/devuan-keyring
/usr/share/doc/devuan-keyring/README.md.gz
/usr/share/doc/devuan-keyring/changelog.gz
/usr/share/doc/devuan-keyring/copyright
/usr/share/keyrings
/usr/share/keyrings/devuan-archive-keyring.gpg
/usr/share/keyrings/devuan-keyring.gpg

And, to finally finish this rather long post, the (unsafe) large list of key-files stored within trusted.gpg.d looks like this:

$ la /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d
total 80
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 8700 Mar 16  2021 debian-archive-bullseye-automatic.gpg
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 8709 Mar 16  2021 debian-archive-bullseye-security-automatic.gpg
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2453 Mar 16  2021 debian-archive-bullseye-stable.gpg
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 8132 Apr 23  2019 debian-archive-buster-automatic.gpg
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 8141 Apr 23  2019 debian-archive-buster-security-automatic.gpg
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2332 Apr 23  2019 debian-archive-buster-stable.gpg
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 7443 Apr 23  2019 debian-archive-stretch-automatic.gpg
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 7452 Apr 23  2019 debian-archive-stretch-security-automatic.gpg
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2263 Apr 23  2019 debian-archive-stretch-stable.gpg
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3637 Oct  3  2017 devuan-keyring-2016-archive.gpg
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2233 Oct  3  2017 devuan-keyring-2016-cdimage.gpg
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3638 Oct  3  2017 devuan-keyring-2017-archive.gpg

It is suggested that that listing is made atomic in the fashion suggested in the earlier post.

alexkemp · Documentation

Hi Panda, welcome to Devuan.

This is my daily update script:

$ cat ~/.update
sudo apt update && sudo apt install -f && sudo apt upgrade && sudo /etc/cron.daily/mlocate

The above gets used with zero errors.

My sources list:

$ cat /etc/apt/sources.list
deb http://deb.devuan.org/merged chimaera main non-free contrib
deb http://deb.devuan.org/merged chimaera-security main non-free contrib
deb http://deb.devuan.org/merged chimaera-updates main non-free contrib
deb http://deb.devuan.org/devuan chimaera-proposed-updates main non-free contrib
deb http://deb.devuan.org/merged chimaera-backports main non-free contrib

My preferences:

$ apt-cache policy
Package files:
 100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
     release a=now
 500 https://josm.openstreetmap.de/apt alldist/universe amd64 Packages
     release n=alldist,c=universe,b=amd64
     origin josm.openstreetmap.de
 100 http://deb.devuan.org/merged chimaera-backports/contrib amd64 Packages
     release v=4.0,o=Devuan Backports,a=stable-backports,n=chimaera-backports,l=Devuan Backports,c=contrib,b=amd64
     origin deb.devuan.org
 100 http://deb.devuan.org/merged chimaera-backports/non-free amd64 Packages
     release v=4.0,o=Devuan Backports,a=stable-backports,n=chimaera-backports,l=Devuan Backports,c=non-free,b=amd64
     origin deb.devuan.org
 100 http://deb.devuan.org/merged chimaera-backports/main amd64 Packages
     release v=4.0,o=Devuan Backports,a=stable-backports,n=chimaera-backports,l=Devuan Backports,c=main,b=amd64
     origin deb.devuan.org
 500 http://deb.devuan.org/devuan chimaera-proposed-updates/main amd64 Packages
     release v=4.0.0,o=Devuan,a=chimaera-proposed-updates,n=chimaera-proposed-updates,l=Devuan,c=main,b=amd64
     origin deb.devuan.org
 500 http://deb.devuan.org/merged chimaera-updates/main amd64 Packages
     release v=4.0.0,o=Devuan,a=stable-updates,n=chimaera-updates,l=Devuan,c=main,b=amd64
     origin deb.devuan.org
 500 http://deb.devuan.org/merged chimaera-security/main amd64 Packages
     release v=4.0,o=Devuan,a=stable-security,n=chimaera-security,l=Devuan-Security,c=main,b=amd64
     origin deb.devuan.org
 500 http://deb.devuan.org/merged chimaera/contrib amd64 Packages
     release v=4.0,o=Devuan,a=stable,n=chimaera,l=Devuan,c=contrib,b=amd64
     origin deb.devuan.org
 500 http://deb.devuan.org/merged chimaera/non-free amd64 Packages
     release v=4.0,o=Devuan,a=stable,n=chimaera,l=Devuan,c=non-free,b=amd64
     origin deb.devuan.org
 500 http://deb.devuan.org/merged chimaera/main amd64 Packages
     release v=4.0,o=Devuan,a=stable,n=chimaera,l=Devuan,c=main,b=amd64
     origin deb.devuan.org
Pinned packages:

Now, apt-key is deprecated, and this Ask Ubuntu question makes an excellent job of both explaining why, and how to fix the problem.

In brief:
apt-key suggests that using /etc/apt/trusted.gpg is deprecated: "apt-key is deprecated. Manage keyring files in trusted.gpg.d instead". That does not fix the basic problem, which is that (as currently setup) apt will trust ALL keys found in that directory. Better to:-

Create your own directory (eg /usr/local/share/keyrings/)
Move all GPG keys into that directory
Reference each specific key within the relevant /etc/apt/sources.list line.

My problem is that, as best as I can tell, I should have the same problem as you (since I have NOT changed my GPG & sources.list setup) but do not. Probably my preferences setup is saving me from the messages that you are receiving. However, I have zero idea as to where my Chimaera key-file is stored (only a large list of older keys)!

alexkemp · Desktop and Multimedia

Following on from hevidevi I see a very different disk setup to yours:

$ ls -1r /usr/share/themes/Clearlooks-Phenix-Deepsea
xfwm4
openbox-3
metacity-1
index.theme
gtk-3.0
gtk-2.0
$ ls -1r /usr/share/themes/Clearlooks-Phenix-Deepsea/xfwm4
top-right-inactive.xpm
top-right-active.xpm
top-right-active.png
top-left-inactive.xpm
top-left-active.xpm
top-left-active.png
title-5-inactive.xpm
title-5-active.xpm
title-4-inactive.xpm
title-4-active.xpm
title-3-inactive.xpm
title-3-active.xpm
title-2-inactive.xpm
title-2-active.xpm
title-1-inactive.xpm
title-1-active.xpm
themerc
right-inactive.xpm
right-active.xpm
README
png
menu-pressed.xpm
menu-inactive.xpm
menu-active.xpm
maximize-toggled-pressed.xpm
maximize-toggled-inactive.xpm
maximize-toggled-active.xpm
maximize-pressed.xpm
maximize-inactive.xpm
maximize-active.xpm
left-inactive.xpm
left-active.xpm
hide-pressed.xpm
hide-inactive.xpm
hide-active.xpm
close-pressed.xpm
close-inactive.xpm
close-active.xpm
bottom-right-inactive.xpm
bottom-right-active.xpm
bottom-left-inactive.xpm
bottom-left-active.xpm
bottom-inactive.xpm
bottom-active.xpm

The obvious thing, I would have thought, would have been to install via APT or Synaptic. The two that I can quickly find installed for me are clearlooks-phenix-deepsea-theme (Deepsea GTK3 port of Clearlooks theme; gtk3-engines-xfce is also installed, which is a GTK+-3.0 theme engine for Xfce) + gtk2-engines.

It turns out that fsmithred is the maintainer of the first one, so perhaps have a further word with him.

PS
I meant to recurse with the file listing (-R), but reverse-sorted instead (-r).

alexkemp · Desktop and Multimedia

That's what my Appearance looks like. Assuming that you have selected all the check-boxes in "Settings" you possibly do not have a desktop Wallpaper. Go to menu: Settings | Desktop & select a folder containing wallpapers there. It appears immediately once one is selected.

alexkemp · Installation

I am unsure how different this may be, but YAD is available:-

$ apt search yad
yad/stable,now 0.40.0-1 amd64 [installed]
  tool for creating graphical dialogs from shell scripts

Command-line only, works very well in my experience.

alexkemp · Desktop and Multimedia

I believe that it already is:

$ apt search mpv
mpv/stable,now 0.32.0-3 amd64 [installed,automatic]
  video player based on MPlayer/mplayer2

alexkemp · Other Issues

Iggy64 wrote:

Since xfce does not have an update indicator

All the suggestions that I found within Synaptic whilst researching this said that XFCE did NOT have an update indicator, yet I could not find one either (I mis-understood the Synaptic info for package-update-indicator).

To the best of my belief, the way that XFCE deals with this is that:-

The Menu: Settings | Sessions and Startup | Application Autostart is used to set an app as default notification agent for Updates
You write your own App / install a pre-written App

That seems like the XFCE way to do things (it is designed to be very light).

alexkemp · Installation

(I'm probably grasping at straws here):
This is the pig-awful difficulty with SLiM that I fell into when upgrading to Beowulf (Beowulf Release Notes):

The default session manager for all desktops is logind (libpam-elogind).

The fix is:

$ sudo apt install libpam-elogind

The previous SM was consolekit, but that was deprecated in Beowulf. My experience was NOT identical to yours, although I DID have a GUI. What I did not have was any ability to elevate privilege (equivalent of sudo in the Terminal) and therefore could not login nor logout without recourse to a Terminal.

Check whether you are using consolekit or logind (the two are mutually exclusive).

As I understand the change, it once & for all got rid of libsystemd0 & thus (hopefully) the last vestiges of SystemD. It thus also required a second reboot after upgrade (just like Windows).

alexkemp · Installation

During my update to Chimaera last October a single file in Backports sent a 404. The system was updating XFCE at that moment - which included SLIM, of course - and I was dropped into a non-GUI, Terminal screen much like yourself. After commenting out chimaera-backports within /etc/apt/sources.list I tried the upgrade again (and again & again) and followed the apt suggestions to fix errors:-

~$ sudo apt --fix-broken install
~$ sudo dpkg --configure -a

Ultimately, the whole thing was successful & I was back at a SLIM login + DE.

My upgrade was from Devuan beowulf rather than a fresh install like yourself. For that reason I did not mention it earlier, but then thought that perhaps another experience may offer a fresh insight.

alexkemp · Devuan

Ah well. Ditto:

$ curl -6 -v http://pl.deb.devuan.org
*   Trying 2001:41d0:a:511b::98e4:cc90:80...
* Immediate connect fail for 2001:41d0:a:511b::98e4:cc90: Network is unreachable
* Closing connection 0
curl: (7) Couldn't connect to server

It gets worse:

$ curl -6 -v http://devuan.org
*   Trying 2001:41d0:8:732b::3624:8eb3:80...
* Immediate connect fail for 2001:41d0:8:732b::3624:8eb3: Network is unreachable
* Closing connection 0
curl: (7) Couldn't connect to server

$ whois pl.deb.devuan.org
NOT FOUND

$ whois devuan.org
Domain Name: DEVUAN.ORG
Registry Domain ID: D174563426-LROR
Registrar WHOIS Server: whois.ovh.com
Registrar URL: http://www.ovh.com
Updated Date: 2021-11-10T04:39:07Z
Creation Date: 2014-11-22T14:58:11Z
Registry Expiry Date: 2022-11-22T14:58:11Z

alexkemp · Installation

switching2Devuan wrote:

Doesn't using a netinstall.iso imply that one needs a funcioning ethernet connection to be able to download the necessary files for the rest of the installation? I thought that was obvious to everyone.

No, it is NOT obvious. Personally I also use a wired connection to my router, but my son's generation & younger use wireless, consider that to be normal & would rarely use Ethernet. WLAN & Bluetooth immediately mean non-free firmware whether on the motherboard or as an add-in card. Even mainstream intel & AMD CPUs need updating with microcode every so often (which is essentially firmware).

The point of my comment is that I found your lack of response to his attempt to help to be insulting to him. If you had replied that you made use of Ethernet & that therefore could obtain firmware on the fly during install, then he could have moved on to the next aspect to try to assist. If anyone can help then it is HoaS.

I'm sorry if you found my directness to be unfriendly.

alexkemp · Installation

What part of "You probably just need some firmware"" don't you understand? If you have an Ethernet connection to your ISP, or the netinstall.iso has a full complement of non-free firmware for every chipset (I doubt it) then HoaS's reply probably does not apply, but otherwise it may well do.

alexkemp · Desktop and Multimedia

erdos wrote:

bash: locate: command not found

You need to install mlocate to be able to use the (command-line) locate command. I would strongly advocate for it.

erdos wrote:

terminate called after throwing an instance of 'com::sun::star::uno::DeploymentException'

Well, that was easy.

This page points to the lack of (or faulty) GTK2 causing that error, whilst the latest post points out that nowadays GTK3 is required. That neatly suggests that this is the issue:

erdos wrote:

i updated to chimera from 3.0, maybe libreoffice didn't get updated propperly during the process?

Check whether libreoffice-gtk3 is installed and, if not, I suspect that you have found the issue.

PS

I suspect that a simple fix may be to add backports to your repository list, which gives the latest LO and should fully update it at the same time. Here is my current setup:

$ cat /etc/apt/sources.list
deb http://deb.devuan.org/merged chimaera main non-free contrib
deb http://deb.devuan.org/merged chimaera-security main non-free contrib
deb http://deb.devuan.org/merged chimaera-updates main non-free contrib
deb http://deb.devuan.org/devuan chimaera-proposed-updates main non-free contrib
deb http://deb.devuan.org/merged chimaera-backports main non-free contrib

alexkemp · Desktop and Multimedia

I'm using that same version both for OS & DE. LO boots fine via the xfce menu.

$ lsb_release -a
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID:	Devuan
Description:	Devuan GNU/Linux 4 (chimaera)
Release:	4
Codename:	chimaera
$ uname -a
Linux ng3 5.16.0-0.bpo.4-amd64 #1 SMP PREEMPT Debian 5.16.12-1~bpo11+1 (2022-03-08) x86_64 GNU/Linux
$ /usr/bin/soffice --version
LibreOffice 7.3.3.1 30(Build:1)
$ locate .desktop | fgrep office
/usr/share/applications/libreoffice-calc.desktop
/usr/share/applications/libreoffice-draw.desktop
/usr/share/applications/libreoffice-impress.desktop
/usr/share/applications/libreoffice-math.desktop
/usr/share/applications/libreoffice-startcenter.desktop
/usr/share/applications/libreoffice-writer.desktop
/usr/share/applications/libreoffice-xsltfilter.desktop

The launch files are horribly long, but here it is (you will need to give some sort of trouble-shooting after this to receive further help):

$ cat /usr/share/applications/libreoffice-calc.desktop
#
# This file is part of the LibreOffice project.
#
# This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
# License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
# file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
#
# This file incorporates work covered by the following license notice:
#
#   Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
#   contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed
#   with this work for additional information regarding copyright
#   ownership. The ASF licenses this file to you under the Apache
#   License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file
#   except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of
#   the License at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 .
#
[Desktop Entry]
Version=1.0
Terminal=false
Icon=libreoffice-calc
Type=Application
Categories=Office;Spreadsheet;
Exec=libreoffice --calc %U
MimeType=application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.spreadsheet;application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.spreadsheet-template;application/vnd.sun.xml.calc;application/vnd.sun.xml.calc.template;application/msexcel;application/vnd.ms-excel;application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet;application/vnd.ms-excel.sheet.macroEnabled.12;application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.template;application/vnd.ms-excel.template.macroEnabled.12;application/vnd.ms-excel.sheet.binary.macroEnabled.12;text/csv;application/x-dbf;text/spreadsheet;application/csv;application/excel;application/tab-separated-values;application/vnd.lotus-1-2-3;application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.chart;application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.chart-template;application/x-dbase;application/x-dos_ms_excel;application/x-excel;application/x-msexcel;application/x-ms-excel;application/x-quattropro;application/x-123;text/comma-separated-values;text/tab-separated-values;text/x-comma-separated-values;text/x-csv;application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.spreadsheet-flat-xml;application/vnd.ms-works;application/clarisworks;application/x-iwork-numbers-sffnumbers;application/x-starcalc;
Name=LibreOffice Calc
GenericName=Spreadsheet
GenericName[af]=Sigblad
GenericName[am]=ሰንጠረዥ
GenericName[ar]=جدول مُمتد
GenericName[as]=স্প্ৰেডশ্বীট
GenericName[ast]=Fueya de cálculu
GenericName[be]=Разліковы аркуш
GenericName[bg]=Електронна таблица
GenericName[bn]=স্প্রেডশীট
GenericName[br]=Renkell
GenericName[bs]=Proračunska tablica
GenericName[ca]=Full de càlcul
GenericName[ca_valencia]=Full de càlcul
GenericName[cs]=Sešit
GenericName[cy]=Taenlen
GenericName[da]=Regneark
GenericName[de]=Tabellendokument
GenericName[dz]=ཤོག་ཁྲམ།
GenericName[el]=Υπολογιστικό φύλλο
GenericName[en]=Spreadsheet
GenericName[en_GB]=Spreadsheet
GenericName[en_ZA]=Spreadsheet
GenericName[eo]=Kalkultabelo
GenericName[es]=Hoja de cálculo
GenericName[et]=Tabelarvutus
GenericName[eu]=Kalkulu-orria
GenericName[fa]=صفحهگسترده
GenericName[fi]=Taulukkolaskenta
GenericName[fr]=Classeur
GenericName[ga]=Scarbhileog
GenericName[gd]=Cliath-dhuilleag
GenericName[gl]=Folla de cálculo
GenericName[gu]=સ્પ્રેડશીટ
GenericName[gug]=Kuatia Kálkulo Peguarã
GenericName[he]=גיליון אלקטרוני
GenericName[hi]=स्प्रेडशीट
GenericName[hr]=Proračunska tablica
GenericName[hu]=Munkafüzet
GenericName[id]=Lembar Sebar
GenericName[is]=Töflureiknir
GenericName[it]=Foglio elettronico
GenericName[ja]=表計算ドキュメント
GenericName[ka]=Spreadsheet
GenericName[kk]=Электрондық кесте
GenericName[km]=សៀវភៅបញ្ជី
GenericName[kmr_Latn]=Tabloya Hesêb
GenericName[kn]=ಸ್ಪ್ರೆಡ್ಶೇಟ್
GenericName[ko]=스프레드시트
GenericName[lt]=Skaičiuoklė
GenericName[lv]=Izklājlapa
GenericName[mk]=Табеларна пресметка
GenericName[ml]=സ്പ്രെഡ്ഷീറ്റ്
GenericName[mn]=Хүснэгт баримт
GenericName[mr]=स्प्रेडशीट्
GenericName[nb]=Regneark
GenericName[ne]=स्प्रेडसीट
GenericName[nl]=Werkblad
GenericName[nn]=Rekneark
GenericName[nr]=Spreadsheet
GenericName[nso]=Letlakala-kalo
GenericName[oc]=Classador
GenericName[om]=Wardii
GenericName[or]=Spreadsheet
GenericName[pa_IN]=ਸਪਰੈੱਡ ਸ਼ੀਟ
GenericName[pl]=Arkusz kalkulacyjny
GenericName[pt]=Folha de cálculo
GenericName[pt_BR]=Planilha
GenericName[ro]=Foaie de calcul
GenericName[ru]=Электронная таблица
GenericName[rw]=Urupapurotuzu
GenericName[si]=පැතුරුම්පත
GenericName[sk]=Tabuľkový dokument
GenericName[sl]=Preglednica
GenericName[sr]=Таблица
GenericName[sr_Latn]=Tablica
GenericName[ss]=Liphephacansi
GenericName[st]=Spreadsheet
GenericName[sv]=Kalkylblad
GenericName[szl]=Archa kalkulacyjno
GenericName[ta]=விரிதாள்
GenericName[te]=స్ర్పెడ్ షీట్
GenericName[tg]=Spreadsheet
GenericName[th]=ตารางคำนวณ
GenericName[tn]=Letlharephatlalalo
GenericName[tr]=Hesap Tablosu
GenericName[ts]=Spreadsheet
GenericName[ug]=ئېلېكترونلۇق جەدۋەل
GenericName[uk]=Електронна таблиця
GenericName[uz]=Elektro jadval
GenericName[ve]=Spreadsheet
GenericName[vi]=Bảng tính
GenericName[xh]=Spreadsheet
GenericName[zh_CN]=电子表格
GenericName[zh_TW]=試算表
GenericName[zu]=Ikhasi lokubala
Comment=Perform calculations, analyze information and manage lists in spreadsheets by using Calc.
Comment[af]=Doen berekening, analiseer inligting en bestuur lyste in sigblaaie met Calc.
Comment[am]=ሂሳቦችን ያስሉ መረጃዎችን ይመርምሩ እና ያስተዳድሩ lists in spreadsheets by using Calc.
Comment[ar]=أنجز العمليات الحسابية، وحلِّل المعلومات وأدر القوائم في الجداول المُمتدة باستخدام كالك.
Comment[as]=Calc ব্যৱহাৰ কৰি স্প্ৰেডশ্বিটসমূহত গণনাসমূহ কৰক, তথ্য বিশ্লেষণ কৰক আৰু তালিকাসমূহ ব্যৱস্থাপনা কৰক।
Comment[ast]=Facer cálculos, analizar información y editar llistes en fueyes de cálculu con Calc.
Comment[be]=Праводзьце вылічэнні, аналізуйце інфармацыю і кіруйце спісамі ў разліковых аркушах з дапамогаю Calc.
Comment[bg]=С Calc можете да извършвате изчисления, да анализирате информация и да организирате списъци в електронни таблици.
Comment[bn]=Perform calculations, analyze information and manage lists in spreadsheets by using Calc.
Comment[br]=Ober jedadurioù, dezrannañ stlennoù hag ardeiñ rolladoù er renkelloù dre ober gant Calc.
Comment[bs]=Izračunavanje, analiziranje informacija i upravljanje listama u unakrsnim tabelama koristeći Calc.
Comment[ca]=Feu càlculs, analitzeu informació i gestioneu llistes en fulls de càlcul amb el Calc.
Comment[ca_valencia]=Feu càlculs, analitzeu informació i gestioneu llistes en fulls de càlcul amb el Calc.
Comment[cs]=Calc umožňuje vytvářet a spravovat tabulkové seznamy a provádět na těchto datech výpočty a analýzu informací.
Comment[cy]=Cyfrifo, dadansoddi data a rheoli rhestrau mewn taenlenni gan ddefnyddio Calc.
Comment[da]=Udfør beregning, analyser information og administrer lister i regneark ved brug af Calc.
Comment[de]=Berechnungen ausführen, Informationen analysieren und Listen in Tabellendokumenten verwalten – Calc macht's möglich.
Comment[dz]=Perform calculations, analyze information and manage lists in spreadsheets by using Calc.
Comment[el]=Εκτέλεση υπολογισμών, ανάλυσης πληροφοριών και διαχείρισης λιστών σε υπολογιστικά φύλλα με τη χρήση του Calc.
Comment[en]=Perform calculations, analyze information and manage lists in spreadsheets by using Calc.
Comment[en_GB]=Perform calculations, analyse information and manage lists in spreadsheets using Calc.
Comment[en_ZA]=Perform calculations, analyze information and manage lists in spreadsheets by using Calc.
Comment[eo]=Kalkuladi, analizi informojn kaj administri listojn en kalkultabeloj per Tabelilo.
Comment[es]=Realice cálculos, analice información y maneje listas en hojas de cálculo con Calc.
Comment[et]=Calc võimaldab arvutustabelite abiga teha arvutusi, analüüsida teavet ja hallata loendeid.
Comment[eu]=Kalkuluak egin, informazioa aztertu eta kalkulu-orrietako zerrendak kudeatu Calc erabiliz.
Comment[fa]=با محاسب، اطلاعات موجود در صفحات گسترده را تحلیل کنید، فهرستها را اداره کنید و محاسبات انجام دهید.
Comment[fi]=Calcin avulla voit tehdä laskutoimituksia, analysoida tietoja ja hallita listoja laskentataulukoissa.
Comment[fr]=Calc - Calculs, analyses et gestion de listes dans des feuilles de calcul.
Comment[ga]=Déan ríomhaireacht, déan anailís agus bainistigh liostaí i scarbhileoga trí úsáid a bhaint as Calc.
Comment[gd]=Dèan àireamhachd, mion-sgrùd fiosrachadh is rianaich liostaichean ann an cliath-dhuilleagan le Calc.
Comment[gl]=Facer cálculos, analizar información e xestionar listas en follas de cálculo con Calc.
Comment[gu]=કૅલ્ક વડે સ્પ્રેડશીટમાં ગણતરીઓ, માહીતી પૃથ્થકરણ અને યાદીઓ બનાવો.
Comment[gug]=Rejapo kálkulo, analice informacíon ha sambyhy listas en kuatia kálkulo peguarã reipuru jave Calc.
Comment[he]=ביצוע חישובים, ניתוח מידע וניהול רשימות בגיליונות אלקטרוניים באמצעות Calc.
Comment[hi]=गणना करता है, सूचना विश्लेषण करता है, और Calc के प्रयोग से स्प्रेडशीट में सूची प्रबंधित करता है.
Comment[hr]=Izvedite proračune, analizirajte informacije i upravljajte popisima u proračunskim tablicama koristeći Calc.
Comment[hu]=Számítások végrehajtása, adatok elemzése és listák kezelése munkafüzetekben a Calc használatával.
Comment[id]=Melakukan perhitungan, menganalisa informasi dan mengelola senarai pada lembar sebar menggunakan Calc.
Comment[is]=Gera útreikninga, greina gögn og meðhöndla lista í töflureikni með því að nota Calc.
Comment[it]=Calc può essere usato per eseguire calcoli, analizzare informazioni e gestire elenchi nei fogli elettronici.
Comment[ja]=Calcを使用して、スプレッドシートで計算を実行し、情報を分析し、リストを管理します。
Comment[ka]=ასრულებს კალკულაციას, აანალიზებს ინფორმაციას და მართავს სიებს ცხრილებში Calc-ის გამოყენებით.
Comment[kk]=Calc көмегімен есептерді шығару, ақпаратты анализдеу және электрондық кестелерде тізімдерді басқаруды орындауға болады.
Comment[km]=ធ្វើការគណនា វិភាគព័ត៌មាន និងគ្រប់គ្រងបញ្ជីក្នុងសៀវភៅបញ្ជី ដោយប្រើ Calc ។
Comment[kmr_Latn]=Perform calculations, analyze information and manage lists in spreadsheets by using Calc.
Comment[kn]=Calc ಅನ್ನು ಬಳಸಿಕೊಂಡು ಲೆಕ್ಕವನ್ನು ಮಾಡಿ, ಮಾಹಿತಿಯನ್ನು ವಿಶ್ಲೇಷಿಸಿ, ಹಾಗೂ ಸ್ಪ್ರೆಡ್ಶೀಟ್ನಲ್ಲಿನ ಪಟ್ಟಿಗಳನ್ನು ನೋಡಿಕೊಳ್ಳಿ.
Comment[ko]=캘크를 사용하여 스프레드시트에서 계산, 정보 분석 및 목록 관리를 수행합니다.
Comment[lt]=Skaičiuokle galima atlikti įvairius skaičiavimus, analizuoti informaciją, tvarkyti sąrašus lentelėse.
Comment[lv]=Veikt aprēķinus, analizēt informāciju un pārvaldīt sarakstus izklājlapās, lietojot Calc.
Comment[mk]=Perform calculations, analyze information and manage lists in spreadsheets by using Calc.
Comment[ml]=കണക്കുകൂട്ടലുകള്, കാല്ക് ഉപയോഗിച്ച് വിവരങ്ങള് അവലോകനം ചെയ്യുകയും സ്പ്രെഡ്ഷീറ്റിലെ ലിസ്റ്റ് കൈകാര്യം ചെയ്യുകയും ചെയ്യാം.
Comment[mn]=Төлбөрийн тооцоо хийх, Мэдээлэлүүдийг шинжлэн судлах ба Хүснэгт баримт бичигт жагсаалтуудыг журамлах - Хүснэгт баримт энэ боломжийг бүгдэд олгоно.
Comment[mr]=Calc चा वापर करून स्प्रेडशीट् अंतर्गत गणना, माहिती विश्लेषण व यादी व्यवस्थापीत करा.
Comment[nb]=Utfør beregninger, analyser informasjon og håndter lister i regneark ved å bruke Calc.
Comment[ne]=Calc को प्रयोगद्वारा स्प्रेडसिटहरूमा गणना कार्यसम्पादन, सूचना विश्लेषण र सूचीहरू प्रबन्ध गर्नुहोस्।
Comment[nl]=Met Calc kunt u in werkbladen berekeningen uitvoeren, gegevens analyseren en lijsten beheren.
Comment[nn]=Med Calc kan du gjera utrekningar, analysera informasjon og handsama lister i rekneark.
Comment[nr]=Perform calculations, analyze information and manage lists in spreadsheets by using Calc.
Comment[nso]=Perform calculations, analyze information and manage lists in spreadsheets by using Calc.
Comment[oc]=Calc - Calculs, analisis e gestion de listas dins de fuèlhs de calcul.
Comment[om]=Calc fayyadamuun herrega hojjedhu, odeeffannoo xiinxali, tarreewwan wardii keessaa taligi.
Comment[or]=Calc ବ୍ୟବହାର କରି ସ୍ପ୍ରେଡ୍ସିଟରେ ଗଣନା ସମ୍ପାଦନ, ସୂଚନା ବିଶ୍ଳେଷଣ ଏବଂ ତାଲିକା ପରିଚାଳନା  କରନ୍ତୁ।
Comment[pa_IN]=ਕੈਲਸ ਦੀ ਵਰਤੋਂ ਕਰਕੇ ਸਪਰੈੱਡਸ਼ੀਟ ਨਾਲ ਗਣਨਾ, ਜਾਣਕਾਰੀ ਦੀ ਸਮੀਖਿਆ ਅਤੇ ਸੂਚੀਆਂ ਨੂੰ ਰੱਖਿਆ ਜਾ ਸਕਦਾ ਹੈ।
Comment[pl]=Przeprowadzaj obliczenia, analizuj informacje i zarządzaj listami w arkuszach kalkulacyjnych za pomocą programu Calc.
Comment[pt]=Efetue cálculos, analise informações e faça a gestão de listas em folhas de cálculo através do Calc.
Comment[pt_BR]=Efetue cálculos, analise informações e gerencie listas em planilhas utilizando o Calc.
Comment[ro]=Efectuați calcule, analizați informații și gestionați liste în foi de calcul folosind Calc.
Comment[ru]=Выполнение вычислений, анализ информации и управление списками в электронных таблицах с помощью Calc.
Comment[rw]=Perform calculations, analyze information and manage lists in spreadsheets by using Calc.
Comment[si]=Calc භාවිතා කරමින් ගණනය කිරීම්, තොරතුරු විශ්ලේෂණය සහ පැතුරුම්පත් වල ලැයිස්තු පාලනය සිදු කරන්න.
Comment[sk]=Počítajte, analyzujte informácie a spravujte zoznamy v zošitoch s použitím Calc.
Comment[sl]=S programom Calc izvajajte računske operacije, analizirajte podatke in upravljajte sezname v preglednicah.
Comment[sr]=Изведите прорачуне, анализирајте податке и управљајте листама у таблицама уз Рачун.
Comment[sr_Latn]=Izvedite proračune, analizirajte podatke i upravljajte listama u tablicama uz Račun.
Comment[ss]=Perform calculations, analyze information and manage lists in spreadsheets by using Calc.
Comment[st]=Perform calculations, analyze information and manage lists in spreadsheets by using Calc.
Comment[sv]=Utför beräkningar, anaysera information och hantera listor i kalkylblad med hjälp av Calc.
Comment[szl]=Rachuj, analizuj informacyje i zarzōndzej listami we archach kalkulacyjnych przi użyciu Calca.
Comment[ta]=கணக்கிடவும், தகவலை ஆயவும், விரிதாள்களிலுள்ள பட்டியல்களை மேலாளவும் கால்கைப் பயன்படுத்து.
Comment[te]=Calc వినియోగించి స్ర్పెడ్షీట్లలో జాబితాలను నిర్వహించును,సమాచారమును విశ్లేషించును మరియు గణలను జరుపును.
Comment[tg]=Perform calculations, analyze information and manage lists in spreadsheets by using Calc.
Comment[th]=ทำการคำนวณ วิเคราะห์ข้อมูล และจัดการรายการในตารางคำนวณโดยใช้ Calc
Comment[tn]=Perform calculations, analyze information and manage lists in spreadsheets by using Calc.
Comment[tr]=Calc kullanarak hesap tablosunda performans hesaplamak, bilgi analiz etmek ve listeleri yönetmek.
Comment[ts]=Perform calculations, analyze information and manage lists in spreadsheets by using Calc.
Comment[ug]=Calc ئىشلىتىپ ئۇچۇر ھېسابلاش ۋە ئانالىز ئېلىپ بېرىلىدۇ ھەمدە ئېلېكترونلۇق جەدۋەلدىكى تىزىملىك باشقۇرۇلىدۇ.
Comment[uk]=Виконання розрахунків, аналіз інформації та керування списками в електронних таблицях за допомогою Calc.
Comment[uz]=Perform calculations, analyze information and manage lists in spreadsheets by using Calc.
Comment[ve]=Perform calculations, analyze information and manage lists in spreadsheets by using Calc.
Comment[vi]=Dùng Calc tính toán, phân tích thông tin và quản lý danh sách trong bảng tính.
Comment[xh]=Perform calculations, analyze information and manage lists in spreadsheets by using Calc.
Comment[zh_CN]=使用 Calc 进行计算，并在电子表格中进行数据分析。
Comment[zh_TW]=使用 Calc 可在試算表中執行計算、分析資訊與管理清單。
Comment[zu]=Perform calculations, analyze information and manage lists in spreadsheets by using Calc.
StartupNotify=true
X-GIO-NoFuse=true
Keywords=Accounting;Stats;OpenDocument Spreadsheet;Chart;Microsoft Excel;Microsoft Works;OpenOffice Calc;ods;xls;xlsx;
InitialPreference=5
StartupWMClass=libreoffice-calc
X-KDE-Protocols=file,http,ftp,webdav,webdavs

Actions=NewDocument;
[Desktop Action NewDocument]
Name=New Spreadsheet
Name[af]=Nuwe sigblad
Name[am]=አዲስ ሰንጠረዥ
Name[ar]=جدول مُمتد جديد
Name[as]=নতুন স্প্ৰেডশ্বিট
Name[ast]=Fueya de cálculu nueva
Name[be]=Новы разліковы аркуш
Name[bg]=Нова електронна таблица
Name[bn]=New Spreadsheet
Name[br]=Renkell nevez
Name[bs]=Novi tabelarni prikaz
Name[ca]=Full de càlcul nou
Name[ca_valencia]=Full de càlcul nou
Name[cs]=Nový sešit
Name[cy]=Taenlen Newydd
Name[da]=Nyt regneark
Name[de]=Neues Tabellendokument
Name[dz]=New Spreadsheet
Name[el]=Νέο υπολογιστικό φύλλο
Name[en]=New Spreadsheet
Name[en_GB]=New Spreadsheet
Name[en_ZA]=New Spreadsheet
Name[eo]=Nova kalkultabelo
Name[es]=Hoja de cálculo nueva
Name[et]=Uus arvutustabel
Name[eu]=Kalkulu-orri berria
Name[fa]=صفحه گسترده جدید
Name[fi]=Uusi laskentataulukko
Name[fr]=Nouveau classeur
Name[ga]=Scarbhileog Nua
Name[gd]=Cliath-dhuilleag ùr
Name[gl]=Nova folla de cálculo
Name[gu]=નવી સ્પ્રેડશીટ
Name[gug]=Kuatia Kálkulo Peguarã Pyahu
Name[he]=גיליון אלקטרוני חדש
Name[hi]=नया स्प्रेडशीट
Name[hr]=Nova proračunska tablica
Name[hu]=Új munkafüzet
Name[id]=Lembar Sebar Baru
Name[is]=Nýr töflureiknir
Name[it]=Nuovo foglio elettronico
Name[ja]=新規の表計算文書
Name[ka]=New Spreadsheet
Name[kk]=Жаңа электрондық кесте
Name[km]=សៀវភៅបញ្ជីថ្មី
Name[kmr_Latn]=New Spreadsheet
Name[kn]=ಹೊಸ ಸ್ಪ್ರೆಡ್ಶೀಟ್
Name[ko]=새 스프레드시트
Name[lt]=Naujas skaičiuoklės dokumentas
Name[lv]=Jauna izklājlapa
Name[mk]=New Spreadsheet
Name[ml]=പുതിയ സ്പ്രെഡ്ഷീറ്റ്
Name[mn]=Шинэ хүснэгт баримт
Name[mr]=नवीन स्प्रेडशीट
Name[nb]=Nytt regneark
Name[ne]=ओडीएफ स्प्रेडसीट
Name[nl]=Nieuw werkblad
Name[nn]=Nytt rekneark
Name[nr]=New Spreadsheet
Name[nso]=New Spreadsheet
Name[oc]=Classador novèl
Name[om]=Gabatee Herregaa haara
Name[or]=ନୂତନ ସ୍ପ୍ରେଡସିଟ
Name[pa_IN]=ਨਵੀ ਸਪ੍ਰੈਡਸੀਟ
Name[pl]=Nowy arkusz kalkulacyjny
Name[pt]=Nova folha de cálculo
Name[pt_BR]=Nova planilha
Name[ro]=Foaie de calcul nouă
Name[ru]=Создать эл.таблицу
Name[rw]=New Spreadsheet
Name[si]=ODF පැතුරුම් පත
Name[sk]=Nový tabuľkový dokument
Name[sl]=Nova preglednica
Name[sr]=Нова таблица
Name[sr_Latn]=Nova tablica
Name[ss]=New Spreadsheet
Name[st]=New Spreadsheet
Name[sv]=Nytt kalkylblad
Name[szl]=Nowo archa kalkulacyjno
Name[ta]=புதிய விரிதாள்
Name[te]=కొత్త స్ప్రెడ్ షీట్
Name[tg]=New Spreadsheet
Name[th]=สร้างตารางคำนวณใหม่
Name[tn]=New Spreadsheet
Name[tr]=Yeni Hesap Tablosu
Name[ts]=New Spreadsheet
Name[ug]=يېڭى ئېلېكترونلۇق جەدۋەل
Name[uk]=Електронна таблиця ODF
Name[uz]=New Spreadsheet
Name[ve]=New Spreadsheet
Name[vi]=Bảng tính mới
Name[xh]=New Spreadsheet
Name[zh_CN]=新建电子表格
Name[zh_TW]=新增試算表
Name[zu]=New Spreadsheet
Icon=document-new
Exec=libreoffice --calc

The officially official Devuan Forum!

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Summing Up

#304 Re: Installation » [SOLVED] Anacron symlinked to "true", again. » 2022-06-29 03:04:24

#305 Re: Installation » [SOLVED] Anacron symlinked to "true", again. » 2022-06-25 21:56:41

#306 Re: Installation » [SOLVED] Anacron symlinked to "true", again. » 2022-06-25 01:12:51

#307 Re: Installation » [SOLVED] Anacron symlinked to "true", again. » 2022-06-24 17:06:44

#308 Re: Devuan » Updating to Chimaera - Marginally Painless » 2022-06-22 13:19:30

#309 Re: Desktop and Multimedia » How reduce starting Xorg time? » 2022-06-14 00:53:17

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#311 Re: Desktop and Multimedia » [SOLVED] edit music file properties as in Windows » 2022-06-07 23:58:27

#312 Re: Documentation » unknown error during apt-key execution » 2022-06-03 13:37:15

#313 Re: Documentation » unknown error during apt-key execution » 2022-06-02 23:49:16

#314 Re: Desktop and Multimedia » [SOLVED] Install XFCE Style on Devuan. » 2022-05-31 17:09:42

#315 Re: Desktop and Multimedia » [SOLVED] Install XFCE Style on Devuan. » 2022-05-31 07:57:09

#316 Re: Installation » [SOLVED] Where did obmenu go? » 2022-05-25 21:03:18

#317 Re: Desktop and Multimedia » Rasberry Pi4 3k youtube playback with mpv » 2022-05-23 00:01:10

#318 Re: Other Issues » [SOLVED] Synaptic No Longer Shows Repositories » 2022-05-16 00:19:49

#319 Re: Installation » [SOLVED] Blank screen after netinstall of Chimaera » 2022-05-15 18:08:58

#320 Re: Installation » [SOLVED] Blank screen after netinstall of Chimaera » 2022-05-14 11:53:25

#321 Re: Devuan » [SOLVED] pkgmaster.devuan.org unaccessible through IPv6 » 2022-05-13 20:27:47

#322 Re: Installation » [SOLVED] Blank screen after netinstall of Chimaera » 2022-05-13 01:59:00

#323 Re: Installation » [SOLVED] Blank screen after netinstall of Chimaera » 2022-05-12 22:53:37

#324 Re: Desktop and Multimedia » [SOLVED] libreoffice fails to launch in Devuan 4.0 » 2022-05-07 17:35:21

#325 Re: Desktop and Multimedia » [SOLVED] libreoffice fails to launch in Devuan 4.0 » 2022-05-07 10:11:09

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