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I asked about that a while back, apparently there's a time limit on editing older posts. Just have to make a new post. ![]()
^^ Yep.
In practice the only few times swap has ever been used on my machines, was because something went very wrong with some particular program and it went wild chewing up all the ram. Usually this was my fault, messing about trying experimental stuff and not having a plethora of ram to start with.
I'm with @Carolina In My Mind on this one, my current old dog is a 2012 Compaq, still going strong, of course the battery finally gave up the ghost last year and I have to plug it in to use, one of the hinges is slightly broken, and occasionally I have to put wood-working clamp on the monitor as it has some mild de-lamination issues of some sort, lol.
But I love it, it has served me very well for 10 years. I don't use the touchpad though, never could stand those things, I just use a USB mouse.
Welcome to Devuan and the forum!
Your comments about Windows are spot-on, I stopped using it altogether years ago.
This community has always been kind and helpful to me for the 8 years i've been a part of it, and this forum, small as it is, is still an easily searchable resource with a wealth of information. I hope it works out for you as well! ![]()
Is there a technical/speed advantage or disadvantage to having SWAP at the end of the drive?
Does having SWAP at the end make it easier to reconfigure the other partitions when necessary?
1. No speed advantage that i'm aware of, I don't even know how you'd measure that.
2. Depends on what you mean by "reconfigure" I guess. As long as i've been with linux that's just always the way it's been done, i've always assumed there were good reasons for that, perhaps somebody more knowledgeable can say why.
I agree every firmly with Kapqa's post (#50), on older machines burning to a CD or DVD is pretty much bullet-proof and works for me every time, plus after burning I now have a hard copy of the .iso that will last forever unless it gets scratched up too bad or set on fire.
I have old distros and projects of mine on CD going back to 2009, every now and then I boot one up just for fun and look at what I did back then.
All that being said, running a distro off a stick is fun, and frequently in my experience runs faster usually than really old hard drives, I have run old machines for months on either a stick or a CD (Puppy Linux back when it was actually small).
Mintstick works really well if you just want a pure liveUSB and nothing else, it's in the repo. For all other chores i'm sticking with Refracta2usb, it seem complex at first, but after you've used it a few times you really begin to appreciate it's versatility.
@mtbvfr:
1. 30 gigs should be sufficient unless the user wants to put 40 gigs of video on that partition.
2. In practice I haven't had to use swap in years, but in general it doesn't need to be any bigger than the size of RAM installed. 4 gigs is plenty.
3. I usually use the last partition (sda4) for swap.
4. I use legacy BIOS (grub-pc) non-efi on my machines, and currently I don't need to add the boot flag for any of the partitions. For making a liveUSB it required it, but for a regular installed system using MBR/legacy BIOS/Grub-pc I haven't had to add the boot flag to the main partition in forever. Not using it now on the very system i'm posting from (Devuan 5 daedalus).
Yikes I necro-posted to an old thread, sorry. But since I did, I took another look at OP's original question as i'm messing with USB stuff today. And I think what he was asking mainly for, is if he could take a CLI-only system (no X), roll it up into a hybrid-iso, put that on a stick, and use it to do a no-X install from the live session.
I'm guessing yes. Refracta-Snapshot and Installer both can work from the command line without a GUI.
And rather than use Refracta2usb, if you just want a regular liveUSB that you can install from and don't need multi-boot or persistence or all that, if Mintstick will run from the command line without needing the GUI, then it should do the trick of formatting and writing for you without a lot of configuring to do.
Just a guess though. I don't have any CLI-only systems that I could use to test.
Refracta2usb kicks a**, spaghetti code or not, it does not make any decisions for me, it does exactly what I want.
Mintstick is cool for what it's intended, utterly simple fast way to make a LiveUSB. But that's it, that's all it will do, no persistence and it uses the entirety of the USB stick and nothing else can go on there.
I'm posting right now, from a USB stick I did this morning with Refracta2usb, It has 3 partitions, fat32 boot - ext2 persistence - fat32 data
I can boot a simple live session and do a clean install of the system with it, boot live with persistence (/home is what I am using, not full persistence), and have a 3rd partition that's readable to any computer to store data, specifically with intent to temporarily store any data saved if i'm rescuing data for someone and you don't even have to boot the liveUSB to view that data. Or if I have some data files myself I need to move to like the library computer, I can just throw them on there.
@fsmtihred if I can be at all helpful in refining the spaghetti, let me know, i'd enjoy messing with it, but need some direction from you on what you'd like to see happen.
He's complimenting you, he's saying you're not old or a geezer. I agree. ![]()
Only config i've ever had to do with ALSA, is add an .asoundrc in some cases, on machines that have more than one sound device (i.e. HDMI) and on the newest version to use the built-in equalizer:
ctl.equal {
type equal;
}
pcm.plugequal {
type equal;
slave.pcm "plughw:0,0";
}
pcm.equal{
type plug;
slave.pcm plugequal;New command to invoke it, I used it in a menu entry:
'lxterminal --geometry=100x30 -e alsamixer -D equal'Am I the only old geezer who runs pure ALSA and nothing else? ![]()
New maximal uploaded 12-14-2024! Hope folks like it. ![]()
thanks, i either make stuff that is very useful or very useless, no in between.
I seem to do the same thing, but can't bring myself to chunk 'em, I have a "crap" folder I throw into. Wife asked me one day why I keep that stuff at all, and I told her it's for the same reason I have two full totes of old wire, cabling and cords in the garage, lol. You just never know when it _might_ become useful. ![]()
Thanks my friend! It's been good for me, learned a LOT of new stuff along the way so it was worth the effort for that alone.
Updated and cleaned up the Sourceforge pages a fair bit, still have some more to do though. Am taking a small break right now, but about to begin work on the maximal version, but that should be fairly easy, the real work is in grinding out all the configs in the minimal.
Weird calling it a minimal when it's actually larger then the maximal of Vuu-do 1, the times they are a-changin'.......
Marking this as solved.
@EDX-0 still checking out what you're doing, good stuff!
This may be one of the DNS errors some folks are experiencing.
I'm having the same DNS problem, so my current sources.list that works is:
deb http://gnlug.org/pub/devuan/merged daedalus main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
deb http://gnlug.org/pub/devuan/merged daedalus-updates main
deb http://gnlug.org/pub/devuan/merged daedalus-security main I used this to download/install the very AMD firmware you mentioned.
Hope this helps!
Cool, thanks for the link! One of these days i'm going to try and compile my own kernel for a specific machine and chop the heck outta everything to see how small I can get it all. Fun project for a minimalist like me who likes to mess with things.
I'm even more motivated these days since current kernel on my machine is 408 mb, wow, I remember when they were much smaller....
IT IS ALIVE! Back from the grave like a good zombie after a 7 year hiatus. ![]()
So try deb.devuan.org and post output if that fails. You might have ping blocked, you could check that by trying to get to http://deb.devuan.org in a broswer.
Tried yesterday both. Can get to the link using my browser, but pinging brought no results. Also tested it in Synaptic (changed sources.list back to default) and it wouldn't work there either.
No biggie for me, just reporting results for the database. My ISP is Alliance Communications here in the US (fiber).
@fsmithred yep that's what i've been doing. But just had to try a larger one, also tried an svg , it just ignored 'em and threw a pure black background.
So I bit the bullet and opened Inkscape and made one, just graphical as any kind of image or text doesn't scale right. A dark charcoal background with a secondary box drawn inside it with a little lighter gray. Basically using same colors I use for other artwork on the iso, should look decent and be a cut above just a pure black background.
I'm really all done now with Vuu-do 5 except for the script to change runlevels.
So I cobbled one together myself late last night, it's not pretty but yet it works right now, just a proof-of-concept for me really, but it works in terminal if you su to root and run it, it also works as a normal user in terminal if I use gksu.sh with the command to run it, and it authenticates and runs properly.
It checks current runlevel first, then spits out a yad dialog giving you level.
Then pops up the dialog that changes runlevels
Afterwards runs "runlevel" again to check new state of runlevel and report that.
ETA: Updated 12-18-24, this one mo bettah. Adds another dialog for if the runlevel was not changed. Cleaned up some useless code. expanded some windows due to title cutoff.
#!/bin/sh
# Copyleft: greenjeans 2024, use as you see fit.
# This is free software with NO WARRANTY. Use at your own risk!
# Depends: yad
# DESCRIPTION:
# Simple script to change run levels. Requires root access so authentication is needed.
# In Vuu-do 5, cups, cups-browsed, and bluetooth are disabled by default in runlevel 2,
# which is the default runlevel you boot into in Devuan/Debian systems.
# But they are all enabled in runlevel 3, and switching enables and starts the services,
# and switching back stops/disables them. A .desktop is used to include in menu.
# Can also be used in terminal: levelswitch2 (must be root).
crlev=$(runlevel "$1")
lv=$(echo "$crlev" | awk -F ' ' '{ print $2 }')
yad --fixed --form --width=400 --window-icon=start-here --height=100 --center --borders=10 --button=gtk-ok --title="Runlevel status" --text-align=center --text="
Current runlevel is: $lv"
rlev=$(yad --fixed --window-icon=start-here --center --borders=10 --form --title="Enable/disable cups and bluetooth" --text-align-center --field="Select from drop-down menu:":CB --text-align=center --wrap --text="
By default Vuu-do boots into runlevel 2, and cups and bluetooth are disabled on startup for faster boot.
Choose below to enable and start them for this session by switching
to runlevel 3, or turn them back off by switching to run level 2.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note: Default runlevel on boot can be changed by editing /etc/inittab as root.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Choose 3 to enable cups and bluetooth, 2 for disable
" 'Choose runlevel!2!3'
)
rl=$(echo "$rlev" | awk 'BEGIN {FS="|" } { print $1 }')
if [ "$rl" = 'Choose runlevel' ]
then echo "runlevel was not changed"
else telinit "$rl"
fi
crlev2=$(runlevel "$1")
lv2=$(echo "$crlev2" | awk -F ' ' '{ print $2 }')
if [ "$lv2" = "$lv" ]
then yad --fixed --form --width=500 --height=100 --window-icon=start-here --center --borders=10 --button=gtk-ok --title="Runlevel status" --text-align=center --text="
The runlevel has not been changed, current level is: $lv2"
else yad --fixed --form --width=400 --height=100 --window-icon=start-here --center --borders=10 --button=gtk-ok --title="Runlevel status" --text-align=center --text="
The current runlevel is now: $lv2"
fiAnd the .desktop:
[Desktop Entry]
Type=Application
Name=Enable/disable cups+bluetooth
Comment=Enable services by changing runlevels
Icon=emblem-system
Exec=gksu.sh levelswitch2
Categories=Settings;gksu.sh :
# Script to convert gksu to pkexec for extensions already written
# without adding a lot of code to the .desktop command line.
# Usage: "gksu.sh [program]"
#!/bin/bash
if [ -z $1 ]; then
echo -e "at least 1 argument required!\n" >> /dev/stderr
exit 1
fi
COMMAND=$1
shift #shift first arg
for ARG in "$@"
do
if [ -z "$ARGS" ]; then
ARGS="$ARG"
else
ARGS="$ARGS $ARG"
fi
done
ARGS=\'$ARGS\'
eval pkexec env DISPLAY=$DISPLAY XAUTHORITY=$XAUTHORITY $COMMAND $ARGS
exit 0Nice, i'm going to take look a look thanks! I didn't mess with symlinks, just used update-rc.d to disable those 3 services and have done nothing else, I timed the bootup and it did make it a bit quicker. Booting super-fast off a liveUSB.
Seems like you could take the password in yad, but I usually just make a .desktop for the whole thing, and used to use gksu in the exec line so it the system authorization dialog. Then I can use it in /usr/share/applications, and the obmenu-generator picks it up automatically and gives me a menu entry to activate, or in the .local files for context menu stuff, or both.
Well cool, they're off now already in runlevel 2, I just need to run update-rc.d and give a specific instruction about enabling it in 3.
Man that's even better, I don't even have to really make a script, just a .desktop that pxexec's the "init 3 "command. That's as simple as it gets right there, again, really appreciate the help!
Cool! Yeah this is for the new Vuu-do, so should be fine. Just thinking out loud here as I process new info, but:
So I leave those services disabled in 2.
Leave them enabled them in 3, which is not the default level I boot to, so they won't be running and still won't be started and won't be part of the boot process.
Add a script + yad that switches to run level 3 and then simply invokes the "service" commands to start them.
It's perfect for what I want to do.
Thanks fsmithred and EDX-0, and I won't forget to credit y'all in the script description and such!
Turn them off in runlevel 2, and then the command to turn them on is
init 3
Wow, perfect, short and sweet, and as per your usual answers to me I just have to know why it works and I just went nuts on reading documentation about init and run levels that I really should have done long ago.
So no issues at all in just switching to run level 3?
@golinux, yeah I saw those and noted they were all 640x480, but was hoping maybe that requirement had changed, used to be regular grub had the same limitations IIRC.
Tried a 640x480 .svg last night just for **** and giggles, but no joy. But didn't hurt anything to try, if the live grub doesn't like what you offer it just drops a black background in there instead.
Was really wanting to use a background with some lettering in the zombified font I used to make the other artwork, but obviously when it scales up to your monitor size anything complex like that gets stretched out bad.
I guess i'll make a request upstream to see if the requirement could be changed to match regular grub behavior. Thanks for the reply!
libgtk2-perl is a dependency, not in repo, guess I need to find that too to see if it can work.