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Hello:
A question to something that has baffled me for the longest while ...
Why (in #$%&@'s name) does upgrading the kernel require that apparmor be installed?
Just whose bright idea was this?
And more important yet: is it in line with Devuan policies?
Start-Date: 2022-03-12 09:34:39
Commandline: apt upgrade
Install:
linux-headers-4.19.0-19-common:amd64 (4.19.232-1, automatic)
linux-headers-4.19.0-19-amd64:amd64 (4.19.232-1, automatic)
linux-image-4.19.0-19-amd64:amd64 (4.19.232-1, automatic)
apparmor:amd64 (2.13.2-10, automatic) <------------------------- why?
--- snip ---Can't this be avoided when packaging for Devuan by removing it from the recommends list?
Just asking, because choice and all that.
Best,
A.
Hello:
Thanks ...
You're welcome.
... had considered apparmor as a possible cause ...
... didn't include one for evolution.
... wasn't using firejail to confine evolution ...
... problem persists even when I stop apparmor.
I see.
From my limited understanding of the problem at hand, there is something (could be a bug) that is not allowing access to your mailbox.
My gut tells me that the issue is like the one that was affecting mutt.
Maybe there's something in the /var/log/auth file that could be of use.
Is there a log file for evolution you could look at?
I've seen that version 3.2.3 has/had a debug setting you can enable to start it from the command line:
See: https://askubuntu.com/questions/301665/ … -a-logfile
I do not use apparmor or any of the other 'security' applications like tomoyo that are quietly enabled by default (!) in Linux these days, so my kernel command line includes security=none apparmor=0.
You may want to try adding the same stanza at boot time to see if it has any effect as as well as temporarily disabling firejail while you are at it.
Hope that helps, can't think of anything else.
Best,
A.
EDIT:
It would seem that it's a bug ...
https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugrepo … 1006603#10
... albeit with a temporary workaround:
Probably the same as https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugrepo … ug=1004484
which points to the possible problem source and also a temporary solution.
Best,
A.
Hello:
The problem with evolution isn't.
You may want to try disabling apparmor temporarily to see if the problem subsists.
I also found this post which may have the answer (or some indication) as to how to solve the problem you are having.
https://github.com/netblue30/firejail/issues/3478
Cheers,
A.
Hello:
... to recover an DOS partition table ...
... run fdisk to create a DOS partition table ...
... run fsck as per superblock advice at post #7 ...
Might work ...
It's well worth trying ...
First I zapped with sgdisk:
~$ sudo sgdisk --zap-all /dev/sdf
***************************************************************
Found invalid GPT and valid MBR; converting MBR to GPT format
in memory.
***************************************************************
GPT data structures destroyed! You may now partition the disk using fdisk or other utilities.
~$Then I used fdisk to create a partition and delete the iso9660 signature:
~$ sudo fdisk /dev/sdf
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.33.1).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Device does not contain a recognized partition table.
Created a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x0be77ae3.
Command (m for help): n
Partition type
p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
e extended (container for logical partitions)
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1):
First sector (2048-585937499, default 2048):
Last sector, +/-sectors or +/-size{K,M,G,T,P} (2048-585937499, default 585937499):
Created a new partition 1 of type 'Linux' and of size 279.4 GiB.
Partition #1 contains a iso9660 signature.
Do you want to remove the signature? [Y]es/[N]o: y
The signature will be removed by a write command.
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered.
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
~$Unfortunately I was not able to recover anything from fsck and any of the listed superblocks.
ie: 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208, 4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872 and 71663616
They were all corrupted. 8^|
At this point I decided to cut my losses and cleared the #$%& drive, formatted as ext4 and put it back on-line.
Fortunately, I was able to scrape back some files using PhotoRec but, as I posted earlier, it is a huge mess I have to sift through by hand.
My sincere thank you to all who pitched in.
Best,
A.
Hello:
... know that dd is a disk-dumper, a block-copying program ...
Yes, I'm aware of that.
But the drive is 300G and the image I dumped into it is 7.2G.
The problem at hand, at least with TestDisk 7.1, is that (even if it says so) it does not write the partition structure to the drive.
I think it has to do with the *.iso structure, no idea if it can be changed.
... dd program starts to copy block by block, from the beginning.
Yes, I'm also aware of that.
But at7.2G + 1 block, it would have stopped copying.
... reality can be hard.
And painful. 8^/
Thanks for your input.
Best,
A.
Hello:
... done this once or twice,
Hmm ...
Nice club we belong to.
TestDisk has saved my hide once or twice.
But I had never before had to face such a screw up.
I dd'id the *iso file to a data HDD drive instead of dd'ing it to the USB stick. 8^/
~$ sudo dd if=/home/user/Downloads/chimaera_amd64_desktop-live.iso of=/dev/sdg1 bs=1MI've realised that this happened because I used lsblk to re-check the USB drive's asigned letter.
This instead of checking it with gparted as I always do.
Big mistake ...
For some reason the USB drive did not mount.
As a result of that, /dev/sdg1 ended up being assigned to the data HDD drive drive instead of the USB drive.
I knew (from the last time I plugged it in) that the USB drive mounted at /dev/sdg1, so when I saw it in the lsblk printout, I assumed everything was all right.
Obviously, I did not notice that the size was 279.4G instead of 7.2G.
Had I checked with gparted, this would have not happened.
Generally just chose the last superblock before the trouble began.
superblock 884736, blocksize=4096 [300Gb]
No idea how to do that.
Would you mind explaining how to do it?
... used photorec to recover files...
... but the names are all machine-like.
Indeed ...
A real mess.
See my previous post.
Thanks in advance,
A.
Hello:
... create a backup of the drive with dd ...
That would mean a 300Gb image.
I have no drive to hold that, all my drives are 300Gb.
Then you might ...
... horrible hand work, I can tell you from experience. ;-S
I tried again with TestDisk 7.1 from a Knoppix USB.
No dice.
It will not write to the drive. 8^|
I also tried my luck with photorec.
I was able to "recover" (a way of putting it) a huge mess of numbered folders filled with numbered files, some with the proper extension, a great many with the wrong extension but viewable, many without any extension and an absolutely huge amount of files with the *.dwg (AutoCAD) extension.
A real mess ...
So, yes.
Horrible hand work.
Parts of the inode table might be salvageable.
See https://ext4.wiki.kernel.org/index.php/Ext4_Disk_Layout
I'll have a look.
Thanks for your input.
Best,
A.
Hello:
... run fdisk to set up a new partition table...
... make a dos partition table starting from scratch possibly deleting whatever entries it has ...
... using defaults ...
Hmm ...
No idea as to how to do that.
Never done that.
This is what fdisk says about the botched drive:
groucho@devuan:~$ sudo fdisk -l
--- snip ---
Disk /dev/sdf: 279.4 GiB, 300000000000 bytes, 585937500 sectors
Disk model: HUS153030VLS300
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x563437db
Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type
/dev/sdf1 * 2048 585936895 585934848 279.4G 83 Linux
groucho@devuan:~$ Even if I knew how to do it, TestDisk was not able to write recovered new partition data to the drive.
Thanks for your input.
Best,
A.
Hello:
For whatever reasons (from carelesness to a USB drive with ID issues) I ended up dd'ing an *.iso image on to a 300Gb HDD containing relatively important stuff. I say relatively because I cannot exactly recall what was there.
[Please don't ask about the backup ...]
So I went to see what the testdisk 7.0 utility had to say with respect to the screwed up drive (/dev/sdf):
---
TestDisk 7.0, Data Recovery Utility, April 2015
Christophe GRENIER <grenier@cgsecurity.org>
http://www.cgsecurity.org
TestDisk is free software, and
comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY.
Select a media (use Arrow keys, then press Enter):
--- snip ---
> Disk /dev/sdf - 300 GB / 279 GiB - HITACHI HUS153030VLS300
---As expected TestDisk detected an Intel/PC partition which I selected:
Disk /dev/sdf - 300 GB / 279 GiB - HITACHI HUS153030VLS300
Please select the partition table type, press Enter when done.
>[Intel ] Intel/PC partition
--- snip ---
Disk /dev/sdf - 300 GB / 279 GiB - HITACHI HUS153030VLS300
CHS 36472 255 63 - sector size=512I then selected Analyse but it found this:
Disk /dev/sdf - 300 GB / 279 GiB - CHS 36472 255 63
Current partition structure:
Partition Start End Size in sectors
No ext2, JFS, Reiser, cramfs or XFS marker
1 * Linux 0 32 33 36472 225 41 585934848
1 * Linux 0 32 33 36472 225 41 585934848I then selected [Quick Search] and waited as it found the only partition (primary/300Gb) the drive had:
Disk /dev/sdf - 300 GB / 279 GiB - CHS 36472 255 63
Partition Start End Size in sectors
>* Linux 0 32 33 36472 225 41 585934848 [300Gb] <- black fg on green bg ... =^D
Structure: Ok. Use Up/Down Arrow keys to select partition. <-- Says it is OK ... =^D
Use Left/Right Arrow keys to CHANGE partition characteristics:
*=Primary bootable P=Primary L=Logical E=Extended D=Deleted
Keys A: add partition, L: load backup, T: change type, P: list files,
Enter: to continue
ext4 blocksize=4096 Large_file Sparse_SB Backup_SB, 299 GB / 279 GiBI did not go for the [Deeper Search] option because I knew it was only one partition on the drive.
So I went ahead and selected [Write] to write the partition structure to the disk, confirming with (Y).
It (apparently) wrote the partition and informed me that I had to reboot:
You will have to reboot for the change to take effect.
>OkAfter rebooting I see that the drive is still an isoimage and that nothing was written to the drive.
Maybe because *.iso images are RO?
So I went to [Advanced] Filesystem Utils to see what it was about.
Disk /dev/sdf - 300 GB / 279 GiB - HITACHI HUS153030VLS300
CHS 36472 255 63 - sector size=512
[ Analyse ] Analyse current partition structure and search for lost partitions
>[ Advanced ] Filesystem Utils
--- snip ---I got this:
Disk /dev/sdf - 300 GB / 279 GiB - CHS 36472 255 63
Partition Start End Size in sectors
> 1 * Linux 0 32 33 36472 225 41 585934848
[ Type ] >[Superblock] [*ist] [Image Creation] [ Quit ]
Locate ext2/ext3/ext4 backup superblockI first tried the [*ist] option but that went badly:
[ Type ] [Superblock] >[ *ist ] [Image Creation] [ Quit ]
List and copy files
Support for this filesystem hasn't been enable during compilation.So I tried with the [Superblock] option and got this:
Disk /dev/sdf - 300 GB / 279 GiB - CHS 36472 255 63
Partition Start End Size in sectors
Linux 0 32 33 36472 225 41 585934848 [300Gb]
superblock 819200, blocksize=4096 [300Gb]
superblock 884736, blocksize=4096 [300Gb]
superblock 1605632, blocksize=4096 [300Gb]
superblock 2654208, blocksize=4096 [300Gb]
superblock 4096000, blocksize=4096 [300Gb]
superblock 7962624, blocksize=4096 [300Gb]
superblock 11239424, blocksize=4096 [300Gb]
superblock 20480000, blocksize=4096 [300Gb]
superblock 23887872, blocksize=4096 [300Gb]
superblock 71663616, blocksize=4096 [300Gb]
To repair the filesystem using alternate superblock, run
fsck.ext4 -p -b superblock -B blocksize deviceThis is where I loose footing, way out of my depth.
Anyone know how to solve this problem?
I assume (?) that the partition and it's contents is recoverable by writing the partiton structure to the drive.
But TestDisk was not able to do that and I have no idea as to what to do to get it done.
Not to mention all that superblock/alternate superblock stuff.
I'd appreciate some input on this.
Thanks in advance,
A.
Hello:
Not working, nvidia-persistenced error
Hello:
... only a local vulnerability with a severity of 7.8.
Update available as of early afternoon -03:00 GMT.
Go Devuan !
BTW:
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
To obtain a root shell use su -. Using just su will result in "command not found" messages.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The slickest stiky I've seen yet. 8^D
Best,
A.
Hello:
... many cases on the web of this <s>ame issue occurring on Linux ...
... gparted was lying to me ...
MS software is and has been for the longest time notorious for not adhering to established standards/rules.
To MS, if it works with their software and the drivers hardware OEMs write for their OSs, it is good enough.
The web is full of examples, the most annoying one being all the horribly written BIOSs Linux OSs have had to deal with for ages.
As long any crap ridden BIOS worked with a MS OS, it was Windows XX Certified.
Obviously, it was not an issue if it did not work with any other OS.
eg: a Linux based OS.
All PCs were/are still sold with a MS OS, whether you want/ed it or not, so what problem could there possibly be?
I doubt that gparted is lying to you.
It does not have a will of its own. 8^D
What is most probably happening is that the data gparted is reading from the drive does not conform to the established standard.
ie: whatever the MS software wrote on the drive is not written in such a way that gparted can understand it correctly.
Like they say: rubbish in, rubbish out.
Best,
A.
Hello:
Yes there is — that's what the --backup option ...
Yes, that is what it is there for.
But (in my opinion) wipefs is a very powerfool tool and --backup gives the user a false sense of security by presenting a remedy/insurance of sorts to not having been thorough enough.
To me (again, my opinion) the only way is to do it right, from the start.
ie: check the drive letter assignment twice or more before you hit Enter, knowing that if you screw it up its contents is all but done for.
It does not make things any harder and keeps you on your toes when using such tools.
A recent example is the JWT launch.
There was no fall back if the 25 year/US$ 10+ billion state of the art telescope's launch went south.
So everything was checked, re-checked and re-checked again.
There are many other albeit less extreme examples.
I've screwed up, by various means, more than a drive in my time.
I eventually learnt what to do and how to do it as well as what not to do.
Of course, YMMV. 8^D
Best,
A.
Hello:
... all done at about the same time, formatted on the same windows PC.
Several of them now seem to have many issues ...
---
... found that I cannot correct the errors by writing an NTFS partition from windows ...
Please *stop* with all the Windows stuff ...
It's probably what screwed up the Micro SDs in the first place.
Now, did you follow Head_on_a_Stick's instructions?
ie:
As root do:
# wipefs --all --backup /dev/sdx
--> Make sure you do this with the proper drive letter and omit the --backup bit<--
There's no turning back from wipefs.
After you have done that, do # partprobe /dev/sdx
The OS will know what the drive is now all about.
Then do sudo fdisk -l /dev/sdx
Please post the terminal output of the whole process.
Best,
A.
Hello:
Would you please run fdisk /dev/sdx -l (as root or sudo) and post the printout?
... and also tried to zap it with dd.
Please post how* you did that, including the terminal printout.
* should be as explained here: https://dev1galaxy.org/viewtopic.php?pid=33887#p33887
Best,
A.
Hello:
... said I wouldn't post about that again...
Again?
Lol !!! 8^D
Maybe there should be a STICKY like this, somewhere appropiate:
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note:
FOR ALL RELEASES/NEW INSTALLATIONS ------> -----> ---> --> -> READ THE %&$#" RELEASE NOTES
Especially the section with the title "Notes on Specific Packages and Issues".
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cheers,
A.
... as a caution to never make assumptions ...
As a human, guilty as charged.
But (just for fun) allow me to argue in my defense. 8^)
As I reflected on your reply, I immediately recalled having both seen your post with the chimaera 'fish' photo (strangest I have ever seen, no fin tail) and its being the inspiration to Devuan's current theme, which I hope we keep for the long run.
But here's the thing®: the word chimarea has been in my head for ~ 50 years or more, always associated to a mythical/impossible beast of some sort.
A great many variations have been put forth, most of them take the idea of impossible to really great lengths.
A more reasonable lion headed, winged dragon with horns and two front legs comes to mind.
Nice ...
But never actually seen one, not even in photos.
Which is not the case with the chimaera 'fish' which I assume (again) is real for there are videos/photos etc. which would support its existence.
In my mind (ymmv) if it is real it cannot be a chimaera, hence my (all too human) assumption.
Nice video at the bottom . . .
Quite so. 8^D
Thanks for the heads up.
Have a good week-end.
Best,
A.
Hello:
... a labor of love for Devuan to be beautiful ...
There can be no doubt about that.
Isn't all art ultimately "unnecessary".
No, I don't think so.
I for one find it to be an essential part of human existence/experience.
Now and 64K years ago.
From the Maltravieso cave in Spain to Rembrandt's Night Watch, any Turner, Modigliani, Klimt or Schiele, just to name a few.
All I know is that my efforts have been appreciated ...
Please do count me among them.
... release name could be added to the wallpaper ...
... continuing with Chimaera theming going forward.
Just text would be sufficient ...
Indeed.
I fully agree with that.
Your input is appreciated.
Thank you for that.
Hopefully, I may eventually be able to contribute more.
Best,
A.
Hello:
. . . with one caveat. An associated color identity for each release is helpful.
Yes ...
But as helpful as it may be, (in my opinion, ymmv) I think the amount of work involved is a luxury we cannot afford.
There's more than enough for Devuan to do as things stand to just continue existing.
ie: golinux's brave efforts are pointed at something that is excessively burdensome, complex and (again, imo) unnecessary.
Devuan could, for example, decide on a trademark/specific colour on which we could all vote. (cringes at the prospect ...)
Then each release would have a distict 'seal' so to speak, all seals designed according to a certain defined style.
eg: Beowulf the head of the mythical hero, chimaera the head of the mythical beast, an so on.
There would then be only one thing to change: the 'seal' for each release, like the back side of conmemorative coins, within certain pre-established design parameters.
Now, if that causes any confusion, you could just add a whole number after/above/below it and use uname -a to get the details.
Just an idea.
Best,
A.
Hello:
... kind of involved...
... but if it works ...
It worked for me.
Which is why I posted the process with the terminal output so it would be detailed and easy to follow for anyone with the same problem.
You may want to read the posts after mine for further info.
Some steps I took may have been redundant.
... specific to Devuan?
... referred up the chain to Debian package management?
No idea.
I have not had good experiences with bug reporting.
... proprietary drivers installation needs to be revised.
Probably, but I would not hold my breath.
Best,
A.
Hello:
I'm sorry, I understood you did not have Linux drivers.
... can't find any utility, CLI, GUI ...
See here:
https://support.brother.com/g/b/downloa … dlang=true
Only installation via the command line interface (terminal) is supported.
--- snip ---
It would seem that there isn't one for Linux, but can't say I'm surprised.
I use simple-scan 3.30.1.1-1+b1 amd64 with my trusty ca.1995 Umax S-6E, which is still going strong.
Easy to use and can save scans/series of scans (as *.pdf or *.png) to anything I have available.
But besides cropping, that's about it.
And, quite obviously, my box is definitely required.
Best,
A.
Hello:
... cannot run any Linux program to access the configuration ...
Why not?
https://support.brother.com/g/b/oslist. … ds1200_all
See here: https://support.brother.com/g/b/downloa … ds1200_all
Drivers available (*.deb and *.rpm packages) for both 32 and 64 bit Linux:
See here: https://support.brother.com/g/b/downloa … all&os=128
That should (?) get you set.
Please let us know if it worked. =^)
Best,
A.
Hello:
... same string of errors occurs every time:
I had what seems to be the same problem.
HevyDevy worked it out here:
https://dev1galaxy.org/viewtopic.php?pid=24685#p24685
I followed his instructions, see a step by step here:
https://dev1galaxy.org/viewtopic.php?pid=24694#p24694
Check the thread from that post onwards, there is some more useful information and at least one other example.
Best,
A.
Hello:
... interesting, GParted declares it to be FAT16, but fdisk says FAT32?
... reminds me of some cheap memory sticks ...
I think there's still some problem with your memory stick.
Can't really say what but it may well bring you problems when you least expect/need one.
Murphy and all that.
Like I mentioned before, you may want to back up whatever files are in the stick and nuke it.
In my experience, the best way to do it is with the command line to clear it completely and then format it.
Do sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sdx bs=4096 .
It takes a while depending of drive size, just wait for it till the printout shows up.
--> Make sure you do this with the proper drive letter <--
There's no turning back from dd.
To check the drive letter you can use lsblk, dmesg, gparted or all three, just in case.
You don't want to nuke your laptop drive.
Once this is done and unless there's a hardware issue such as a fake USB drive, it should be clear of whatever is going on and you can use gparted or the command line to format it again.
I'd use FAT32 as there's no advantage in using FAT16 unless you have a use case which requires filling it with +50% very small files.
FAT32 is understood by practically every modern device using USB and there's no 8.3 filename restriction.
ie: kingstonusb.txt ends up being kingst~1.txt.
Best,
A.
Hello:
Thanks ...
You're welcome.
... use Gparted to shrink the partition by 2Mb ...
Hmm ...
Would you please run fdisk /dev/sdc -l (as root or sudo) and post the printout?
Best,
A.