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I still have to correct something. Unfortunately, google translate does not always translate the word "Informatic" correctly. I studied "Informatic", the science of structured information processing. This is of course not the same as computer science, but a little more comprehensive.
Infirmatics have existed since humans have existed, because information processing is something very fundamental to humans. Or why do we have such a big brain in relative terms?
Informatic always works the same way. Collect information, process and combine information, forward results. Computers have recently been used for this purpose, but only in a very small percentage of the information. Maybe not even 1%. The rest of the work continues without a computer, with pencil and paper, or simply through verbal communication.
That is why informatic people are not particularly interested in computers, but more in the communication of information.
And just by the way ... processing the very complex information with a device that can only differentiate between 2 pieces of information, i.e. 1 and 0, is not particularly smart. Because if you want something more, you have to make enormous combinations, which then ends in almost countless files and programs, as you can see on your Devuan installation. But maybe one day there will be advanced systems, for example biological ones, which can differentiate much more information than just 2. Dual information is practical because it is simple. But complex when there are more than 2 pieces of information.
The user doesn't want to know anything about it, because the user just wants to do his job.
Hahaha ... everything new is scary! But you can be sure it's the future. Because there are billions of computer users who are tired of buying new hardware, choosing a particular OS and having to spend a lot of time configuring it. Not here, in the Devuan Forum, but out there in the world. When users buy a new computer, 99% of them are sure to be with Windows. What it costs? $ 100-200 I think. But the normal user is afraid to buy an "empty" computer and install Linux because he doesn't know how. You have to understand it, it's not about your egoism, but about the large number of users who are ripped off. And we want them to finally get what they want. So a computer, cheap and good, with the option to choose the operating system without having to make any effort. People pay thousands of dollars for the newest model of car, but they don't want to know how to install it. They just want to drive around with it. Microsoft is not ready yet to bring out a jOS and Microsoft has no interest in it, because Microsoft wins billions of US dollars every year with their junk. And Microsoft certainly also has stakes in hardware manufacturers. It's that easy to make money when you intimidate people and tell them you can't work without our product. Linux therefore has the chance to be the first. Linus certainly has enough money to buy the first application servers and file servers. The rest will come :-) You have to think bigger and with love!
@dice and @alphalpha
You can call it a terminal host simulation. The important thing is that jOSserver does the great work. There the binary files are made for the hardware of jOSclient, not locally. jOSclient is only the feeder to the hardware element. The correct drivers for the client hardware are running on jOSserver. jOSserver is a kind of interface between jOSclient and the OS which runs on the application server. Therefore the jOSclient hardware can be minimal. The jOSserver needs enough power to quickly "translate" the binary files. The application server with the OS (for example a Linux) is the backend. Certainly the computer manufacturers would react quickly and specifically produce simple and cheap computers that could be used as clients. $ 50-100, no hard disk required, a chip is enough. Graphic card, sound card, USB, processor, screen, keyboard. It's easy and cheap. Imagine how much money stays with the user in this way instead of flowing to the big hardware manufacturers! jOS is free, open-source, but the account on the jOS server costs an annual fee so that the hardware can be financed. The user saves money on the hardware and he has no installation work to do, except the first, to install jOSclient. jOSclient can be downloaded from the Internet, or it is already available on the client hardware if you buy it new. Or you can get jOSclient in other ways, for example via USB with ISO, in a computer shop, a public library, or from a friend, etc.
No, of course not, because it only exists in my imagination, since the 90s, when I was still working as a computer science engineer.
What is jOS?
It can be pronounced as it is spelled or as "Joe's". jOS has two components, jOSclient and jOSserver. There is simple communication between the two via the Internet, generally with the help of binary files or, in the case of slow Internet, with compressed binary files.
What does jOS do?
jOSclient is installed on the local computer and provides a minimal channel between the physical layer and the presentation layer (ISO / OSI). It can establish an internet connection to jOSserver and transmit and receive data. It can pack and unzip compressed files. It can recognize the local hardware and operate it with the binary data from jOSserver.
jOSclient is installed on an internet server and communicates with jOSclient. There is a normal internet server, an application server and a file server.
How do you work with jOS?
The user installs jOSclient on his local computer and starts it. jOSclient creates the channel between the physical and the presentation layer, detects the hardware, establishes the internet connection and sends the data to jOSserver.
jOSserver replies with a first binary data packet, which is forwarded by the jOSclient to the corresponding hardware unit. The package already contains the correct binary code for the hardware of jOSclient. First the user sees the jOSserver login screen. There he opens an account and logs in. Then he chooses the operating system he wants. jOSserver configures the user account for the desired operating system (user data, home, etc.) and forwards the user to the application server, where the desired operating system is already installed as a multi-user system.
The user sees the desktop of the operating system he has chosen, selects his default applications (browser, email, word processing, etc.), which are already installed, and starts working. The next time the user logs in to jOSserver, the user will automatically see his desired desktop again. If the user wants a different operating system, he selects it when he logs in and sets it to default or only works with the new operating system in this session.
Is it safe?
It is no less secure than installing the operating system on the local computer. Who knows the kernel of the operating system in detail? Who knows what the internet provider does with the data? Who knows what the email provider does with the data? Who knows what duckduck does with the data? Specialists know, normal users don't. But everyone knows what facebook and google are doing with the data!
I give an example:
One surfs the internet. After a few minutes the browser becomes very slow and one wonders why. In the system monitor you can see that the CPU utilization is almost 100%, there is a constant and low hard disk access and the wlan0 up is very busy. After 1-2 minutes everything is back to normal. What happened? The browser, the adblocker, facebook, google ... or the kernel? A normal user doesn't know because they won't do a wlan hack to find out. He's just annoyed that he can't work normally in those 1-2 minutes.
There is no data problem if the data is clean. Or to put it another way, when your ass is clean, you can pull your pants down.
Who should finance jOS?
Sure, the user. A normal user buys a new computer for $ 500-1000 every 5-10 years. So his computer costs him $ 50-250 a year. This is why the user can also pay something for jOS, where he receives his desired operating system, applications and file storage for free and completely installed. In addition, the user can use his hardware for much longer because it only requires little RAM and normal processor power.
And how about the internet connection?
Surely you have heard that there are people who think everyone needs a high speed internet connection? Ok, then everything is fine.
@dice
Unfortunately alsa has some very basic problems with handling the acoustics. It seems like the folks at alsa don't even understand what a logarithmic scale is and how to handle it correctly. Just regulating the loudness (Mixer Master) is completely wrong. Simply reducing it in 1dB steps leads to a total distortion of the 0-100 scale. In the upper area the scale is pressed, in the lower area it is stretched, of course. The correct handling of a dB reduction in loudness is this:
IF Master = 0 THEN mute volume
ELSE
dB-reduction = 10 x log2 (master / 100)
ENDIF
Examples:
Master = 50
dB-reduction = 10 x log2 (0.5) = 10 x -1 = -10
Master = 82
dB-reduction = 10 x log2 (0.82) = 10 x -0.286 = -2.86
On the following page there is a calculator for “Sound level change and loudness ratio” in the first line of the two tables:
http://www.sengpielaudio.com/calculator-levelchange.htm
And here is a log2 calculator:
https://miniwebtool.com/log-base-2-calculator/
The fact that Master = 0 has to be dealt with in a special way is due to the fact that 0 is not really a number, but just a trick to mathematically map “nothing”. log2 (0) would result in “infinite”, because in order to reach the zero point with reduction on a dB scale, the reduction would have to be infinitely large.
Distance and other constraints can be neglected, as it is basically a matter of regulating the volume of computer speakers or headphones. And the user is sitting right in front of the computer. You don’t know other environmental conditions anyway, because you don’t know what situation the user is in. So you can’t treat such influences either.
So, alas isn't fine, it's a pretty weird thing. I hope OSS is better and tackles acoustic problems properly.
After looking at all of the derivatives on the list and reading your posts ... I'll stick with the original Devuan. Why?
I could tell you now the life story of Siddharta Gautama, or that of St. Francis, or another. But maybe that would bore you? So I'm trying to make it shorter.
Linus Torvalds had seen something. He is a very intelligent man and he wants to give something to the world. It's okay that he got rich with it. Because he did a good job. Others have worked very badly in the same field and have become a lot richer than him! Why?
Because the others have built huge corporations and their only need is money. The thing about philanthropy is just a nice mask. And that's why these people can continue to earn a lot of money with a trash product. Keep your product together, make it the quais standard and the vast majority of people will buy it from you. As simple as that.
But Linus Torvalds didn't do it that way, because he knows what freedom is worth. People should come to Linux because it's better and because it's easy. Ok, better and easy!
Advise a Windows user to switch to Linux. He will tell you that Linux is complicated and that there are so many distributions that he doesn't know which one is right for him. Then you tell him which one you think is the right one. He then asks 3 other Linux users and they tell him 3 other stories. And then the Windows user stays where he is, with Windows, because there he doesn't have to decide, just pay.
How many distros are there? And how many are good? And how many are up to date? And how many have a future? And how many are easy? Nobody knows!
And what do we need? We need a very small one for very old hardware, 2-3 normal ones for daily home use, 1-2 for commercial purposes. The rest we can delete!
We have the very small ones, like TinyCore. We also have normal ones, Devuan, Debian, Fedora, Arch, Gentoo, etc. And there are also commercial ones, for example Red Hat or openSUSE. Actually too many. Then there is the problem with systemd and probably also with OSS / alsa.
Let's choose a small one, 3 normal ones, and a commercial one and focus on these. With concentrated development power, we can easily oust Windows.
Is it freedom when everyone can make their own distro? And does it make sense and does it have a future? No, it just confuses and keeps users back on Windows. And it's not just Windows! These moneymaker networks are much larger. I took a quick look, one of the newest notebooks from hp has 16GB Ram! I can load my entire Linux, including all applications, into it.
It is not forbidden or bad to make money. But it's very bad if you deserve to fool people. And it's also very bad if you spend your money on bad things to fool even more people. This has nothing to do with capitalism or communism, but with normality or psychopathy!
Linus Torvalds is said to have been a geek in the past. At least that's what he says. But he educated himself, went to university and was successful with it. Bill Gates did it in a different way, because he's not normal. And we have to be careful that we don't have more and more people on Linux who are like Bill Gates and just want to do their own thing. Don't forget, it's about helping the world with a good heart. Linus Torvalds was and is not a "hacker", but a computer scientist with a solid education. And that's what we need, or one day Linux will become a "toy operating system" that will only be used by "geeks" who don't understand anything.
have a nice week!
@dice
Thank you so much
@all
And if anyone knows a Devuan derivative that is light in Ram and comes with OSS by default, please let me know! Today I will defently not install another, but try to remove alsa "by hand" and install OSS in the same way...just to know if this is working fine also for my antiX installation.
Ok, thanks for the first tips!
I used zRam with Lubuntu. But with only 1GB Ram it is questionable whether it is of much use, especially when surfing. I had zRam configured to 25% of the Ram. I also had a 2GB swapfile. I worked with Chromium and found that there were always long waiting times, even blockages. It went better without zRam. I assume that zRam, swapfile and the browser cache do not coordinate and therefore all 3 together can cause a problem. Of course only with a small ram.
Opera is not particularly small, but it uses very good algorithms to coordinate the RAM and the browser cache. Opera never fills up the RAM, but always leaves something free for other applications. Opera also has very interesting options in the settings. Vivaldi isn't quite as good, but not bad either. Chromium and Firefox regularly lead to waiting times (swapfile, browser cache) or even to blockages.
zswap would be of interest to me. So a swapfile that works with compression. This could speed up swapping, especially swapping back. But so far I haven't found any good instructions. It is apparently still very new and still under development. Maybe someone knows more?
I installed the default desktop, so X ... Maybe I can reduce a few things, wallpaper for example. With antiX I have a RAM usage of about 130MB after booting. Let's see how deep I can get down with Devuan without losing too much GUI. Because after all I want that, because otherwise I would not have installed Devuan next to antiX :-)
Thanks for pointing out the Devuan derivatives! I see there is a lot to read and test :-)
But first I'll test something else, namely to replace alsa with OSS. I have the impression that alsa is not really very well-founded when it comes to the acoustic basics ;-)
I'm always grateful for further tips regarding low ram :-)
Hi
I installed Devuan today, Beowulf 3.1. I have 1GB of ram and use a 2GB swapfile.
Which desktop should I choose? Which one is for little ram?
Which browser? Opera should be good with little ram?
Is there zswap for Devuan or is it even the default?
What other measures can I take to get the best result with 1GB?
Thanks for the tips :-)