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DropBox has two Apps for users of Debian (deb8-deb11 + deb12). I do not dare install either since I am unaware of the systemD infestation that may attach.
Any chance of our admin asking for supply & info with DropBox?
@stultumanto, @quickfur:
In that case, why not copy the script-text here + location. (TIA)
Government services have enough to worry about without DDoS attacks.
Well, with 80 views in 24 hours that is, of course, a near certainty (if this not obviously irony, then consider that I am a mod at SFS and in mid-December the Stats Page reported 2m queries daily; now that gets close to a DDOS).
Thanks for the Berlios link. Reviewing my dmesg output I spotted that it was a UVC camera (have never come across that before):
[481614.064887] usb 1-1.3: Found UVC 1.00 device USB 2.0 Camera (1bcf:2cc9)I don't know when v4l was included in the kernel
It turns out to be 2002. It does also include drivers as well as an API.
The v4l subdeck is included in the Linux kernel. Usually webcams use its driver
An API is not a driver.
In my reading I notice many mentions of laptops with builtin webcams. If one of those is supplied with Linux (unlikely, I would have thought) then it would come with a driver that would utilise the V4L API. Otherwise not.
The main problem with cheap devices for Linux is not the driver but the way that so much (so-called) hardware-processing is actually off-loaded to the local CPU rather than handled by the hardware. That is the reason for so much "non-free firmware" in the apt sources.list. The dirty secret that is not mentioned there is that this is actually 'non-free firmware-originally-designed-for-Windows'.
You can see some of what I'm talking about in this PDF about modems & DSPs ("Digital Signal Processing"). On Page 9.3 it states:
A simplified block diagram for a V.90 analog modem is shown in Figure 9.3. The diagram shows that the bulk of the signal processing is done digitally. Both the transmit and receive portions of the modem subject the digital signals to a number of DSP algorithms which can be efficiently run on modern processors.
(DSPs are also used in sound processing)
The point of that paragraph is that DSP's are supposed to be specialised hardware chips contained within the modem. But no - that is too expensive. So instead the modem contains a cheap EEPROM which loads external firmware, and that causes the modem to use the local laptop cpu to run the DSP algorithms. Now, in the 1990s when this was all first originated there was ONLY Windows firmware, and Linux & Mac & all other OS had to go hang themselves. Now, after 25 years, we do actually have some firmware grudgingly provided (but no code, so it is non-free). Also, all updates arrive at Windows first.
But, it seems that my web-cam actually contains all necessary hardware. Hooray!
Hi aluma.
It is simple enough. I've never used a webcam before (40+ years using a computer). Previous Linux reports on webcams are that they suck. I'm having to educate myself all about them. After your post I discovered that the V4L API is in the kernel (did not know that - which kernel was it introduced with?).
The point of the gov.uk site is that CVP will be the specific app that I will need to use for the court (no options), so I used it to make sure that both me & the hardware would function in those circumstances. It also tested the 'cam for me. Then afterwards I thought "Hang on. It may be UK-only" so put the caveats in. Another point is that this is all new for small-claims, so it may well be important to document for the future, and I thought that others may spot the ignorance of a court employee not thinking that perhaps someone may need more notice than a 4pm email.
Note #1:
Both the Amazon product link + img link in post#1 come from my browser history in buying this product. Please report if either fails for you so that I can search out generic links to replace them.
Note #2:
The gov.uk CVP page should be available for non-UK visitors. I'm less certain whether the try-it-out-live page linked on that page will work for non-UK folks. Do drop a post here stating whether either worked for you.
Note #3:
I came across Guvcview, which is a useful UVC-based utility to check a webcam which also has snapshot/record video buttons. It is available in the repository:
$ apt search Guvcview
Sorting... Done
Full Text Search... Done
guvcview/stable,now 2.0.8-2 amd64 [installed]
GTK+ base UVC Viewer
libguvcview-2.1-2/stable,now 2.0.8-2 amd64 [installed,automatic]
GTK+ base UVC Viewer - runtime
libguvcview-dev/stable 2.0.8-2 amd64
GTK+ base UVC Viewer - development files25 years ago with Windows I got used to being able to load hardware & have it work without too much bother; usually. Or at least, that is the bright memory of youth. With Linux I love it but, oh my! How often the tale of "only Window$ drivers available" and much wailing & gnashing of teeth in the Valley of the Trent. So, how pleasant to be able to deliver the tale of no-config necessary for, of all devices that normally fail, a video/audio web-camera. I give you: YIMONA Linux WebCam with Microphone (I bought it from Amazon and no, I have zero financial interest in promoting this to you):

This is what happened when I plugged it in:
[481612.084437] usb 1-1.3: new high-speed USB device number 6 using ehci-pci
[481612.546534] usb 1-1.3: New USB device found, idVendor=1bcf, idProduct=2cc9, bcdDevice= 9.19
[481612.546556] usb 1-1.3: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=0
[481612.546564] usb 1-1.3: Product: USB 2.0 Camera
[481612.546571] usb 1-1.3: Manufacturer: BC-230918-K
[481612.881352] usb 1-1.3: USB disconnect, device number 6
[481613.027528] mc: Linux media interface: v0.10
[481613.104459] usb 1-1.3: new high-speed USB device number 7 using ehci-pci
[481613.225308] videodev: Linux video capture interface: v2.00
[481613.334323] usbcore: registered new interface driver snd-usb-audio
[481613.388104] usbcore: registered new interface driver uvcvideo
[481613.432439] usb 1-1.3: device descriptor read/64, error -71
[481613.838737] usb 1-1.3: New USB device found, idVendor=1bcf, idProduct=2cc9, bcdDevice= 9.19
[481613.838754] usb 1-1.3: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=0
[481613.838761] usb 1-1.3: Product: USB 2.0 Camera
[481613.838766] usb 1-1.3: Manufacturer: BC-230918-K
[481614.064887] usb 1-1.3: Found UVC 1.00 device USB 2.0 Camera (1bcf:2cc9)
[481614.113270] input: USB 2.0 Camera: USB 2.0 Camera as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:12.0/usb1/1-1/1-1.3/1-1.3:1.0/input/input11
[481614.167675] usb 1-1.3: Warning! Unlikely big volume range (=4096), cval->res is probably wrong.
[481614.167686] usb 1-1.3: [5] FU [Mic Capture Volume] ch = 1, val = 0/4096/1I've initiated a small-claim in the courts and without warning was posted a link for a remote hearing the next day. I was asked to login at 10am & read the email at 2pm that day (it was posted at 4pm the previous day). I had zero hardware for a remote hearing, and hence the order.
The Courts & Tribunals service has a page How to join Cloud Video Platform (CVP) for a video hearing (the link to test your equipment is at the bottom of that page; [later update]: please refer to note#2 in post#2 if you are non-UK).
Everything worked first time, zero config required. Wow! I do already have V4L2 installed (video for Linux), and that may be a requirement, I do not know.
It states Chrome as a requirement. I used Chromium under Daedalus.
I'm now waiting for a replacement Hearing date.
Hope that was interesting.
I like boughtonp's 2nd one better. For some reason "adult" reads sour in my eyes. Perhaps it's because of terms such as "adult films".
Perhaps
Responsible behaviour based on a foundation of mutual respect is expected from visitors to this forum.
Your sources differ slightly from what is advised (missing non-free). I have zero idea how important that may be, but for the record (and thanks for the inxi snippet):
$ head -5 /etc/apt/sources.list
deb http://deb.devuan.org/merged daedalus main non-free-firmware non-free contrib
deb http://deb.devuan.org/merged daedalus-updates main non-free-firmware non-free contrib
deb http://deb.devuan.org/merged daedalus-security main non-free-firmware non-free contrib
deb http://deb.devuan.org/merged daedalus-proposed-updates main non-free-firmware non-free contrib
deb http://deb.devuan.org/merged daedalus-backports main non-free-firmware non-free contribIf you are *really* paranoid, don't try this one:
$ grep ^[^#] /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.d/*
/etc/apt/sources.list:deb http://deb.devuan.org/merged daedalus main non-free-firmware non-free contrib
/etc/apt/sources.list:deb http://deb.devuan.org/merged daedalus-updates main non-free-firmware non-free contrib
/etc/apt/sources.list:deb http://deb.devuan.org/merged daedalus-security main non-free-firmware non-free contrib
/etc/apt/sources.list:deb http://deb.devuan.org/merged daedalus-proposed-updates main non-free-firmware non-free contrib
/etc/apt/sources.list:deb http://deb.devuan.org/merged daedalus-backports main non-free-firmware non-free contrib
/etc/apt/sources.list.d/josm.list:deb https://josm.openstreetmap.de/apt/ alldist universe$ inxi -b
Gimp did not appear in my Menu at all
In that case your sources.list is broken.
What's your problem with using neofetch or inxi?
Here's an alternative information gatherer; also operated from a terminal; show results from one of these & others will understand better your system & be able to give better help & advice:
$ inxi -b
System:
Host: ng3 Kernel: 6.1.0-17-amd64 arch: x86_64 bits: 64 Desktop: Xfce
v: 4.18.1 Distro: Devuan GNU/Linux 5 (daedalus)
Machine:
Type: Desktop System: LENOVO product: 90BJ008CUK v: Lenovo H30-05
serial: <superuser required>
Mobo: LENOVO model: N/A v: SDK0J40700 WIN serial: <superuser required>
UEFI: LENOVO v: O1WKT25AUS date: 10/29/2015
CPU:
Info: quad core AMD A8-7410 APU with AMD Radeon R5 Graphics [MCP]
speed (MHz): avg: 999 min/max: 1000/2200
Graphics:
Device-1: AMD Mullins [Radeon R4/R5 Graphics] driver: radeon v: kernel
Display: x11 server: X.Org v: 1.21.1.7 driver: X: loaded: radeon
unloaded: fbdev,modesetting,vesa dri: radeonsi gpu: radeon
resolution: 1366x768~60Hz
API: OpenGL v: 4.5 Mesa 22.3.6 renderer: KABINI ( LLVM 15.0.6 DRM 2.50
6.1.0-17-amd64)
Network:
Device-1: Qualcomm Atheros QCA9565 / AR9565 Wireless Network Adapter
driver: ath9k
Device-2: Realtek RTL810xE PCI Express Fast Ethernet driver: r8169
Drives:
Local Storage: total: 931.51 GiB used: 785.39 GiB (84.3%)
Info:
Processes: 200 Uptime: 3d 13h 58m Memory: 7.18 GiB used: 2.89 GiB (40.2%)
Shell: Bash inxi: 3.3.26What exactly is this "Software Manager" that you are talking about? There are so many variations for Daedalus that it is almost impossible to know what you are talking about unless you specify things exactly. Here is a way for you to do some of that:
Open a terminal & type the following (you may need to do a $ sudo apt install neofetch first) (the '$' assumes that you are using a non-root terminal; if sudo is not installed on your system and/or you do not know how to use it, you will need to become root to install anything since all such operations require you to be root). Copy the results & post them in a [ code ] block here:
$ neofetch
..,,;;;::;,.. alexk@ng3
`':ddd;:,. ---------
`'dPPd:,. OS: Devuan GNU/Linux 5 (daedalus) x86_64
`:b$$b`. Model: 90BJ008CUK Lenovo H30-05
'P$$$d` Kernel: 6.1.0-17-amd64
.$$$$$` Uptime: 3 days, 10 hours, 49 mins
;$$$$$P Packages: 3068 (dpkg)
.:P$$$$$$` Shell: bash 5.2.15
.,:b$$$$$$$;' Resolution: 1366x768
.,:dP$$$$$$$$b:' DE: Xfce 4.18
.,:;db$$$$$$$$$$Pd'` WM: Xfwm4
,db$$$$$$$$$$$$$$b:'` WM Theme: Default
:$$$$$$$$$$$$b:'` Theme: Clearlooks-Phenix-Sapphire [GTK2]
`$$$$$bd:''` Icons: oxygen [GTK2]
`'''` Terminal: xfce4-terminal
Terminal Font: Monospace 12
CPU: AMD A8-7410 APU with AMD Radeon R5 Graphics (4) @ 2.200GHz
GPU: AMD ATI Radeon R4/R5 Graphics
Memory: 2542MiB / 7356MiBWhat's wrong with 7z ('7-Zip') (Website / Wiki)? Teeny tiny and with the best compression on the 'net. Downside is that it does not do any encryption, nor even store Linux file attributes. What you have to do is store as "file.tar.7z" (like gzip, but a separate tar operation, then 7-zip it). Y'know, small apps that each do one thing, chained together. The Linux way.
@Aliz24:
Stop full-post quoting. It is damn annoying, and especially when there are only two of you in the thread.
Refer to this sticky for more info.
Interesting, on my browser it's showing up as rendered from a Chinese font (fonts-wqy-zenhei)./
Further down the page, under "Preview", it is shown rendered under Times New Roman, Arial & Courier New. No problems with any of that on my system.
As you have discovered, it is blooming hard to be able to identify the precise reason for your kind of problem. The reason for that is the web of inter-connecting processes & config files that can lead to a problem.
Even fixing locale problems can be a nightmare. To get a fuller picture of that, look at this Debian Wiki page on Locales. Here's my default locale ($LANG) + all available locales (locale -a in my system):
$ echo $LANG
en_GB.UTF-8
$ locale -a
C
C.utf8
en_GB.utf8
POSIXThe classic situation for your issue is that someone has a C-locale but is trying to print/show non-ASCII characters. However, you appear to have a suitable locale (en_US.UTF-8), but is your file manager (caja) using a utf8 font for display characters? This forum thread suggests that the font is chosen by your DM in a similar manner to Thunar.
We now know your FM (caja) but have zero idea of your DM.
I use XFCE 4.18 as my DM (it describes itself as a "Desktop Environment") and Thunar as the FM. Changing the font is made via menu:Settings | Appearance. At "Style" I discover that all of the XFCE settings are in GTK3 (which gives yet another place where fonts may be set)). The fonts tab allows both the default font + the size to be changed (menu:Settings | File Manager Settings does not have any font settings available, and neither does menu:Settings | Settings Editor | thunar).
So, I cannot give a definitive answer, but hopefully the info given gets you one step closer to a solution.
OK, done it.
Removing all openjdk-8 packages allowed the certificates to auto-update & be auto-removed from being held back. Now to find what is hiding that needs those jdk-8 packages!
$ sudo apt-get remove openjdk-8-*
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
Note, selecting 'openjdk-8-doc' for glob 'openjdk-8-*'
Note, selecting 'openjdk-8-jdk' for glob 'openjdk-8-*'
Note, selecting 'openjdk-8-jre' for glob 'openjdk-8-*'
Note, selecting 'openjdk-8-demo' for glob 'openjdk-8-*'
Note, selecting 'openjdk-8-jre-headless' for glob 'openjdk-8-*'
Note, selecting 'openjdk-8-source' for glob 'openjdk-8-*'
Note, selecting 'openjdk-8-jdk-headless' for glob 'openjdk-8-*'
Package 'openjdk-8-demo' is not installed, so not removed
Package 'openjdk-8-source' is not installed, so not removed
The following packages will be REMOVED:
openjdk-8-doc openjdk-8-jdk openjdk-8-jdk-headless openjdk-8-jre openjdk-8-jre-headless
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 5 to remove and 1 not upgraded.
After this operation, 432 MB disk space will be freed.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] Y
(Reading database ... 285417 files and directories currently installed.)
Removing openjdk-8-doc (8u252-b09-1~deb9u1) ...
Removing openjdk-8-jdk:amd64 (8u252-b09-1~deb9u1) ...
Removing openjdk-8-jdk-headless:amd64 (8u252-b09-1~deb9u1) ...
Removing openjdk-8-jre:amd64 (8u252-b09-1~deb9u1) ...
Removing openjdk-8-jre-headless:amd64 (8u252-b09-1~deb9u1) ...
Processing triggers for hicolor-icon-theme (0.17-2) ...
Processing triggers for doc-base (0.11.1) ...
Processing 1 removed doc-base file...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.36-9+deb12u3) ...
Processing triggers for ca-certificates-java (20230620~deb12u1) ...
done.
Processing triggers for mailcap (3.70+nmu1) ...
Processing triggers for desktop-file-utils (0.26-1) ...
$ ~/.local/sbin/update
Get:1 https://josm.openstreetmap.de/apt alldist InRelease [5,606 B]
Get:2 https://josm.openstreetmap.de/apt alldist/universe amd64 Packages [1,097 B]
Hit:3 http://deb.devuan.org/merged daedalus InRelease
Get:4 http://deb.devuan.org/merged daedalus-updates InRelease [32.5 kB]
Get:5 http://deb.devuan.org/merged daedalus-security InRelease [32.5 kB]
Get:6 http://deb.devuan.org/merged daedalus-proposed-updates InRelease [32.7 kB]
Get:7 http://deb.devuan.org/merged daedalus-backports InRelease [32.6 kB]
Fetched 137 kB in 3s (53.1 kB/s)
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
2 packages can be upgraded. Run 'apt list --upgradable' to see them.
W: https://josm.openstreetmap.de/apt/dists/alldist/InRelease: Key is stored in legacy trusted.gpg keyring (/etc/apt/trusted.gpg), see the DEPRECATION section in apt-key(8) for details.
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 2 not upgraded.
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
Calculating upgrade... Done
The following packages will be upgraded:
ca-certificates-java josm-latest
2 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 15.9 MB of archives.
After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] Y
Get:1 http://deb.devuan.org/merged daedalus/main amd64 ca-certificates-java all 20230710~deb12u1 [11.9 kB]
Get:2 https://josm.openstreetmap.de/apt alldist/universe amd64 josm-latest all 1.5.svn18911 [15.9 MB]
Fetched 15.9 MB in 5s (3,520 kB/s)
Reading changelogs... Done
(Reading database ... 272305 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../ca-certificates-java_20230710~deb12u1_all.deb ...
Unpacking ca-certificates-java (20230710~deb12u1) over (20230620~deb12u1) ...
Preparing to unpack .../josm-latest_1.5.svn18911_all.deb ...
Unpacking josm-latest (1.5.svn18911) over (1.5.svn18907) ...
Setting up josm-latest (1.5.svn18911) ...
Setting up ca-certificates-java (20230710~deb12u1) ...
done.
Processing triggers for mailcap (3.70+nmu1) ...
Processing triggers for desktop-file-utils (0.26-1) ...
Processing triggers for hicolor-icon-theme (0.17-2) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.11.2-2) ...
Processing triggers for shared-mime-info (2.2-1) ...
Processing triggers for menu (2.1.49) ...OK. I now believe it (should be) safe to remove all 1.8 java versions:
$ java -version
openjdk version "17.0.9" 2023-10-17
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 17.0.9+9-Debian-1deb12u1)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 17.0.9+9-Debian-1deb12u1, mixed mode, sharing)
$ update-java-alternatives -l
java-1.11.0-openjdk-amd64 1111 /usr/lib/jvm/java-1.11.0-openjdk-amd64
java-1.17.0-openjdk-amd64 1711 /usr/lib/jvm/java-1.17.0-openjdk-amd64
java-1.8.0-openjdk-amd64 1081 /usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk-amd64Will removing them allow the certificates to be upgraded? Hey ho.
Well, it *seems* that removing them all will have zero side-effects. I wonder if that is actually accurate?
$ apt-get remove -s openjdk-8-*
NOTE: This is only a simulation!
apt-get needs root privileges for real execution.
Keep also in mind that locking is deactivated,
so don't depend on the relevance to the real current situation!
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
Note, selecting 'openjdk-8-doc' for glob 'openjdk-8-*'
Note, selecting 'openjdk-8-jdk' for glob 'openjdk-8-*'
Note, selecting 'openjdk-8-jre' for glob 'openjdk-8-*'
Note, selecting 'openjdk-8-demo' for glob 'openjdk-8-*'
Note, selecting 'openjdk-8-jre-headless' for glob 'openjdk-8-*'
Note, selecting 'openjdk-8-source' for glob 'openjdk-8-*'
Note, selecting 'openjdk-8-jdk-headless' for glob 'openjdk-8-*'
Package 'openjdk-8-demo' is not installed, so not removed
Package 'openjdk-8-source' is not installed, so not removed
The following packages will be REMOVED:
openjdk-8-doc openjdk-8-jdk openjdk-8-jdk-headless openjdk-8-jre openjdk-8-jre-headless
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 5 to remove and 1 not upgraded.
Remv openjdk-8-doc [8u252-b09-1~deb9u1]
Remv openjdk-8-jdk [8u252-b09-1~deb9u1]
Remv openjdk-8-jdk-headless [8u252-b09-1~deb9u1]
Remv openjdk-8-jre [8u252-b09-1~deb9u1]
Remv openjdk-8-jre-headless [8u252-b09-1~deb9u1]Looks like the single package is the certificates, so I should be safe (?) to remove all the -8:
$ apt-cache rdepends --installed openjdk-8-*
openjdk-8-jre-headless
Reverse Depends:
openjdk-8-jre
openjdk-8-jdk-headless
openjdk-8-jre
openjdk-8-jdk-headless
openjdk-8-jdk-headless
ca-certificates-java
openjdk-8-jre
Reverse Depends:
openjdk-8-jdk
openjdk-8-doc
Reverse Depends:
openjdk-8-jdk
Reverse Depends:
openjdk-8-jdk-headless
openjdk-8-doc
openjdk-8-jdk-headless
Reverse Depends:
openjdk-8-jdk
<openjdk-8-demo>
<openjdk-8-source>Good point, delgado; there is also both -11 and -17. What on earth is -8 doing in there (or, indeed, -11)?
$ apt list --installed | grep openjdk
WARNING: apt does not have a stable CLI interface. Use with caution in scripts.
openjdk-11-jre-headless/now 11.0.20+8-1~deb11u1 amd64 [installed,local]
openjdk-11-jre/now 11.0.20+8-1~deb11u1 amd64 [installed,local]
openjdk-17-jre-headless/stable,stable-security,now 17.0.9+9-1~deb12u1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
openjdk-17-jre/stable,stable-security,now 17.0.9+9-1~deb12u1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
openjdk-8-doc/now 8u252-b09-1~deb9u1 all [installed,local]
openjdk-8-jdk-headless/now 8u252-b09-1~deb9u1 amd64 [installed,local]
openjdk-8-jdk/now 8u252-b09-1~deb9u1 amd64 [installed,local]
openjdk-8-jre-headless/now 8u252-b09-1~deb9u1 amd64 [installed,local]
openjdk-8-jre/now 8u252-b09-1~deb9u1 amd64 [installed,local](I'm trying to find how to find what reverse-depends on it)
I'm going to wait for the changes in Debian to feed-through to Devuan. That way I do not need to pollute my already-complex sources-list.
Thanks for the suggestion. The result is identical:
# apt dist-upgrade
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
Calculating upgrade... Done
The following packages will be REMOVED:
openjdk-8-jdk openjdk-8-jdk-headless openjdk-8-jre openjdk-8-jre-headless
The following packages will be upgraded:
ca-certificates-java
1 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 4 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 11.9 kB of archives.
After this operation, 142 MB disk space will be freed.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] n
Abort.Does anyone know the way to proceed in a case like this?