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Don't panic! The so-called "self-inflicted extinction" is just another hoax, a false warning about something very dangerous, an ancient method to fool and enslave naive people. This method was invented in the Stone Age, and, nevertheless, humanity persists to multiply.
@g4sra
It is not about math, it is about the method of thinking. Would you believe that at least half of pulseaudio users is above the average level of deafness?
Seems like the joke is on humanity!
Don't be so dramatic. It might be a joke on slaves of knowledge rather than on humanity.
The consumers of knowledge are supposed to consume knowledge without thinking.
That is why, perhaps, they are Neo-Luddites and AI haters.
NOTE: Knowledge is inconsumable, if it requires thinking. This sort of knowledge is likely to be misunderstood. "A wiki is useless" in this sense.
@g4sra
Re: "average IQ"
It depends on how you measure "average".
For example, the average personal income is often given as the median – the number below which are 50% of personal incomes and above which are 50% of personal incomes – because the mean would be higher by including personal incomes from a few billionaires.
_https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Average
Everything you do electronically or via software, changes the music from what the artist intended
it to sound like...
I use alsa precisely because it doesn't do those things by default, it doesn't re-sample...
But people who have never heard pure analog, tend to think digital is somehow better...
The problem is that resampling of digital audio is unavoidable simply because it is digital. Moreover, the semi-deaf artists tend to downsample their recordings to CD format with crappy resamplers. The mass production of "lossless digital crap" is a big business. It is about money. The naive, and the ignorant, and other slaves of "knowledge" seem to be victims of a global deception.
It seems that you believe that you are able to hear "pure (not re-sampled) digital audio". However, to become audible a digital audio file should be upsampled to infinite sample rate (that is, to analog). If you believe that frequency and sample rate are the same thing, you should not believe your ears when hearing "pure analog", because infinite frequency cannot be audible, and, therefore, "pure analog" cannot be better than "pure digital" (although, you seem to believe the opposite).
The genuine "pure analog" is better, of course. For the same reason, HiRes audio is better than that of CD format. The only problem is that ALSA users are not likely to hear the difference either because they are semi-deaf or because progressive dementia makes ALSA difficult to configure. To fix this problem, they created a theory that human beings cannot hear the difference between HiRes and CD format.
It is impossible to disable resampling in ALSA. You can only change the default resampler of ALSA. Since ALSA was designed for semi-deaf audiophiles, it does not permit "exclusive mode". ALSA seems to be unique in this sense. For example, OSS4 automatically enables "exclusive mode" for professional sound cards which have built-in hardware mixer. Otherwise, "exclusive mode" can be enabled in OSS4 config.
To state the obvious (which might be not so obvious for the demented), resampling is not a problem, if you do not hear the difference. Imagine you have a real-time codec, which is exact in an absolute sense. Make it default resampler/converter, and the problem is solved.
If you do not hear the difference, you may try to believe that the resampler is very exact. If you are a sort of unbeliever, you can measure the exactitude of resampling with Petrov's pcm_mse.
_https://dev1galaxy.org/viewtopic.php?id=6722
However, if you measure the exactitude of resampling, you may discover that you are semi-deaf.
Is it so difficult to compile fftrate? It should not be difficult, provided that you are not completely demented.
NOTE: Because of dementia, it might be difficult to understand how to configure the fftrate plugin. It is recommended to set the fftrate resampler to maximum sample rate supported by your sound card (or HDA codec), because it is likely to provide much better quality of resampling than the HW resampler of your sound card (or HDA codec). That is why, perhaps, there is a belief that the fftrate codec somehow improves the quality of audio files.
If you install the fftrate plugin and configure it correctly, you may have a chance to understand what ALSA really is.
If you are not completely deaf, you may notice the difference in sound quality.
If you are not completely demented, you may start to think what is so special about the fftrate plugin.
However, to achieve enlightenment, you have to think without attempting to create a theory, or other sort of mythology. Otherwise, it may result in "shaking and foaming from the mouth" (as it was described by Francis Williams and Peter Worsley).
Although there is a conspiracy theory that ALSA does not have a secret documentation, it might be a real challenge to understand how it works. The purpose of the fftrate ALSA plugin was to provide a sort of ersatz for "exclusive mode" which is not supported by ALSA.
NOTE: If you do not know what "exclusive mode" is, you may try it with foobar2000 on MacOS
brew install --cask foobar2000 foobar2000 for Mac change log
2.24.6 released on 2025-07-06
...2.5 released on 2023-04-26
...
Exclusive audio output support._https://www.foobar2000.org/changelog-mac
Notice, however, that Homebrew for MacOS is already infected with PulseAudio
_https://formulae.brew.sh/formula/pulseaudio
To prevent it from being installed, you have to add a secret esoteric command to your ~/.zshrc
One may find it in a "classified documentation":
export HOMEBREW_FORBIDDEN_FORMULAE="pulseaudio" export HOMEBREW_FORBIDDEN_CASKS="cask1 cask2" # block installation of specific casks
export HOMEBREW_FORBIDDEN_FORMULAE="formula1 formula2" # block installation of specific formulae
export HOMEBREW_FORBIDDEN_TAPS="username/repo" # block installation from or adding specific taps
export HOMEBREW_ALLOWED_TAPS="homebrew/core" # only allow install of packages from homebrew/coreExclusive mode allows audio applications to take exclusive control of audio devices, bypassing the software mixer of sound system. It also implies that all sorts of software resampling and format conversion performed by the sound system are disabled. It means that audio formats, which are not supported by your sound card, cannot be played in "exclusive mode".
To find out which audio formats are supported by your Mac's built-in hardware DAC use the "Audio Midi Setup" app, which is located in the "Utilities" subfolder of your "Applications" folder.
_https://support.apple.com/en-gb/guide/audio-midi-setup/ams59f301fda/mac
You may need to convert your audio files to "96 kHz 32-bit Float" with Petrov's pcm_conv
However, it seems to be impossible to disable resampling in Foobar2000. The sound is always rather strange. Perhaps, Foobar2000 has a sort of pulseaudio inside, which downsamples everything to 44100Hz. One may presume that Foobar2000 is a very special player for those audiophiles who are not only demented but also deaf.
Perhaps, the only safe way is OSS4 with Audacious. When exclusive mode is enabled in the setting of its OSS4 plugin, Audacious does not play audio formats, which are not supported by sound card. Another option is "ossplay -R", but it can only play waves.
There is, of course, a secret esoteric theory of audio formats. Notice that Digital eXtreme Definition (DXD) usually implies an extreme resolution by time (sample rate 352.8 kHz), while 32-bit Float means an extreme resolution by amplitude.
_https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_eXtreme_Definition
"What Is 32-Bit Float Audio, and Should You Record In It?"
_https://www.wired.com/story/32-bit-float-audio-explained/
Mac's built-in hardware DAC supports the following audio formats:
44.100 Hz 2 ch 32-bit Float
48.000 Hz 2 ch 32-bit Float
88.200 Hz 2 ch 32-bit Float
96.000 Hz 2 ch 32-bit Float
There is a reason why Apple's audio engineers chose "96 kHz 32-bit Float" as a sort of reference audio format.
One may try a sort of esoteric audio test:
1. Convert a DXD wave to Apple's reference audio format with Petrov's pcm_conv:
pcm_conv -f 96000 -b 32f -T fft -v DXD.wav 32bitFloat96kHz.wav2. Set Mac's real-time codec (resampler/converter) to "96.000 Hz 2 ch 32-bit Float" audio format with the "Audio Midi Setup" app (which is located in the "Utilities" subfolder of "Applications" folder).
_https://support.apple.com/en-gb/guide/audio-midi-setup/ams59f301fda/mac
3. Play your 32bitFloat96kHz.wav on Mac with "Music" player (former iTunes).
If you are not completely deaf, you may notice something about audio quality.
If you need a reference DXD, try a sort of "2L Recordings".
NOTE: Such esoteric audio tests do not make any sense, if you do not trust your ears.
"God created man in his own image and likeness". Human ears and human eyes are divine instruments. It is not difficult to verify, if you trust your senses.
"Our senses are gifts from God". The slaves of cargo cult science can easily fool themselves simply because they do not trust their senses.
Feynman, Richard P. (June 1974). "Cargo Cult Science" (PDF). California Institute of Technology.
_http://calteches.library.caltech.edu/51/2/CargoCult.pdf
_https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/http://calteches.library.caltech.edu/51/2/CargoCult.pdf
_https://paulsteinhardt.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/CargoCult.pdfFeynman's emphasis on "to see if it worked" is an instruction to trust your senses, the gifts from God, which enable you to see and understand. This is the key point. Otherwise, Feynman's essay "Cargo Cult Science" is just another attempt to derive a true theory from a false assumption. If you refuse to trust your senses, you inevitably fall in the trap of Agrippa's trilemma (Agrippa the Skeptic)
_https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agrippa_the_Skeptic
_https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%BCnchhausen_trilemmaNOTE: The idea that "If senses are not truthful, any knowledge cannot be justified" is a foundational concept in philosophy, particularly in epistemology, explored by thinkers like Plato and Descartes.
If ALSA is playing crap, do not trust your ears, and read Descartes.Meditations on First Philosophy by Rene Descartes
_https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/descartes/1639/meditations.htmOne may wonder what is the difference between Feynman's "method... for separating the ideas" and the method of trial and error invented in the Stone Age. It was a speech for those who know what he is speaking about. It was a commencement address for the initiated into the mystery of "physical intuition". It cannot be comprehended by the slaves of ALSA.
An assumption that an oscilloscope was not misused may not stand skepticism. If you do not know how to fool yourself with "scientific instruments", try to read Feynman's essay "Cargo Cult Science". One may try to believe that the mass production of "digital crap" is a sort of "fair trade".
If you do to trust your senses, you may notice that you are "missing something essential". For example, it may become obvious that "any purported justification of all knowledge must fail, because it must start from a position of no knowledge" _https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%BCnchhausen_trilemma
Such logical problems might be difficult to solve, but, in any case, the slaves of "knowledge" are not supposed to have their own knowledge, they have to conform to approved opinions and beliefs. They cannot possess own knowledge simply because they do not trust their senses and their ability to think. "A wiki is useless", if it is not approved.
To solve a problem, you have to trust your ability of solving problems, your ability to think.
Trusting your problem-solving skills and your capacity for thought are essential for effectively defining issues, analyzing them, brainstorming solutions, and making decisions to arrive at the best course of action. Believing in your ability to find solutions encourages you to tackle difficult problems rather than avoid them.
It seems that you are missing the point (as usual). It is about your theory and your symptoms.
Do you still believe that frequency and sample rate are the same thing, because both are measured in Hz?
I'm starting to have a theory
It is the first symptom of "Vailala Madness". The next to come is "shaking and foaming from the mouth".
See: Schwimmer, E. (ed) (1976) F. E. Williams: The Vailala Madness and Other Essays. London: C. Hurst and Company;
and Worsley, P. (1968) The Trumpet Shall Sound, 2nd edition. London: Granada
off-topic
golinux wrote:a symptom of delusional arrogance on steroids
It is not so simple. Think of Trotskyist dialectics: arrogance is modesty, knowledge is ignorance, "war is peace, freedom is slavery, ignorance is strength" (Orwell, 1984).
_https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homage_to_Catalonia
_https://en.prolewiki.org/wiki/Dialectics
Notice that the fftrate package provides:
the fftrate ALSA plugin,
pcm_conv (standalone FFT resampler/converter),
and pcm_mse, which is to measure the exactitude of resampling.
_https://dev1galaxy.org/viewtopic.php?id=6722
The method of measurement is very simple:
1. downsample a HiRes wave 32bit 192kHz to CD format (16bit 44100Hz)
2. upsample the result to 32bit 192kHz format,
3. measure the difference with the original wave.
So that, you can measure the exactitude of resampling, and you may try to hear the difference.
If you fail to hear the difference, you may try to think why Intel HDA codecs (motherboard) support 32bit (fixed) 192kHz audio format, and Apple's MacBooks support 32bit (float) 96kHz audio format.
Since "ignorance is strength", one may to try to explain to Apple's audio engineers that the CD format is more than enough. It may help to find out whether Apple's audio engineers are always very polite.
Even with "perfect hearing" no one perfectly hears the alleged range of human hearing for 20-20k hz.
It seems that you cannot understand the difference between frequency and sample rate (i.e., resolution), simply because both are measured in Hz. It might be a symptom of dementia.
The very fact that you are using ALSA is telling something about "the quality of your listening experience."
If you do not believe that you are semi-deaf, you can make a simple experiment.
Downsample a HiRes audio file 24bit 192KHz to 16bit 48kHz with Petrov's pcm_conv
_https://dev1galaxy.org/viewtopic.php?id=6644
Then check whether you hear the difference.
To change ALSA configs, one can use a simple toggle script (MATE Desktop):
#!/bin/bash
# Description: Toggle script for MATE Desktop
# FILE: /opt/scripts/toggle-alsa.sh
# ALSA configs:
# $HOME/.asoundrc-BT
# $HOME/.asoundrc-HDA
# Sound icon: /opt/scripts/sound.svg
# Desktop Launcher: $HOME/.local/share/applications/toggle-alsa.desktop
TOGGLE=$HOME/.toggle
if [ ! -e $TOGGLE ]; then
touch $TOGGLE
cp $HOME/.asoundrc-BT $HOME/.asoundrc
killall alsamixer -q
mate-terminal -e 'alsamixer -D bluealsa' &
killall mate-notification-daemon -q
notify-send " BlueALSA Virtual PCM" --icon=/opt/scripts/sound.svg -t 2000
else
rm $TOGGLE
cp $HOME/.asoundrc-HDA $HOME/.asoundrc
killall alsamixer -q
mate-terminal -e 'alsamixer' &
killall mate-notification-daemon -q
notify-send " Intel HDA Codec (Motherboard)" --icon=/opt/scripts/sound.svg -t 2000
fiDesktop Launcher:
$ cat $HOME/.local/share/applications/toggle-alsa.desktop
[Desktop Entry]
Version=1.0
Type=Application
Name=Toggle ALSA
Comment=
Icon=/opt/scripts/sound.svg
Keywords=audio;
Categories=AudioVideo;Mixer;Settings;HardwareSettings;
Exec=/opt/scripts/toggle-alsa.sh
StartupNotify=false
Terminal=false
NoDisplay=false$ apt search apt | grep apt-
WARNING: apt does not have a stable CLI interface. Use with caution in scripts.
apt-build/stable 0.12.49 amd64
apt-cacher/stable 1.7.29 all
...$ apt-cache search apt | grep apt-
apt-build - frontend to apt to build, optimize and install packages
apt-cacher - Caching proxy server for Debian/Ubuntu/Devuan software repositories
...Try a MacBook with retina display and "true color"
_https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Color_depth#True_color_(24-bit)
Use True Tone on Mac
True Tone technology makes the images on your Retina display and Touch Bar appear more natural.
The True Tone technology in Mac computers, Studio Display, and Apple Pro Display XDR uses advanced multichannel sensors to adjust the color and intensity of your display and Touch Bar to match the ambient light so that images appear more natural.
_https://support.apple.com/en-us/102147
Because of pulseaudio, pipewire, systemd, Desktop design, audio and video quality, Linux Desktop users became a marginal minority. It seems to be a sort of "natural selection". The semi-deaf and semi-blind might be indifferent to audio quality and all sorts of "visual aesthetics".
It may depend on color theme and display resolution.
To avoid fatigue, one may try a sort of "retina display"
_https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retina_display
e.g. 4K UHD and 8K UHD (ultra high definition).
However, if you are already semi-deaf and semi-blind, you may not notice the difference in resolution (sample rate) in both video and audio.
NOTE: UHD resolution is not supported by very old computers.
I think your posts are giving people dementia.
It seems that they provoke thinking. Although, of course, thinking does not necessarily imply understanding.
The problem is that "helpful apps" might be harmful. For example, people with hearing loss tend to use equalizers to enhance certain frequencies. Such equalizers are likely to cause complete deafness and dementia.
Hearing loss can affect everyone from babies to people in their 60s and 70s. Many things may cause hearing loss, but exposure to loud noise is the most common reason people have the condition. Hearing loss can’t be reversed, but surgery to treat some issues can improve hearing ...
Most people lose their hearing gradually. They may not even notice that it’s happening.
_https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17673-hearing-loss
Hearing loss and the risk of dementia
_https://www.alzheimers.org.uk/about-dementia/managing-the-risk-of-dementia/reduce-your-risk-of-dementia/hearing-loss
Medical research indicates that solving puzzles can help slow down cognitive decline.
_https://www.webmd.com/alzheimers/preventing-dementia-brain-exercises
Engaging in mentally stimulating activities, such as compilation of Debian packages, may help maintain cognitive abilities and potentially delay memory loss or dementia. From this point of view, your "apps that are simple to use and understand" might be rather harmful, because they prevent thinking, and, therefore, can accelerate cognitive decline.
$ apt remove xfce4 --simulate
NOTE: This is only a simulation!One may argue that "a wiki is useless" simply because any wiki (or technical documentation) is likely to be misunderstood. Debian may surely need a sort of very advanced AI which may help Linux users to understand Debian wiki.
There is a belief that "Linux provides a robust set of assistive technologies to support users with disabilities." However, Linux still does not provide any support for those affected with cognitive decline and dementia.
xfce4 is a meta package. It can be safely removed.
$ apt-file list xfce4
xfce4: /usr/share/doc/xfce4/NEWS.Debian.gz
xfce4: /usr/share/doc/xfce4/README.Debian
xfce4: /usr/share/doc/xfce4/changelog.gz
xfce4: /usr/share/doc/xfce4/copyrightDebian Wiki
_https://wiki.debian.org/metapackage
Package that depends on a group of packages that relate to a common activity. Metapackages are empty and exists to link related packages together via dependencies. Examples would include metapackages for installing games, development tools, or desktop environments.For instance, when installing the Gnome desktop, the package "gnome", which is a metapackage, will install the full GNOME Desktop Environment, with extra components such as office software, a browser, and games.
xfce4 is heavy and buggy (because of innovations). MATE was optimized for old computers (2003-2008).
MATE is a fork of Gnome2 (which was deprecated in 2010).
For old computers, one may prefer MATE Desktop. It has a sound applet in the system tray.
_https://dev1galaxy.org/viewtopic.php?pid=54330#p54330
If you have problems with PulseAudio, you may try to remove it and use pure ALSA (without PulseAudio and PipeWire).
_https://dev1galaxy.org/viewtopic.php?pid=56368#p56368
_https://dev1galaxy.org/viewtopic.php?id=6644
_https://dev1galaxy.org/viewtopic.php?pid=55710#p55710
_https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Advanced_Linux_Sound_Architecture#Unmuting_the_channels
off-topic
@ralph.ronnquist
Nobody is perfect. Though, it might be obvious that the so-called "technical prowess" is so impressive simply because Devuan wiki is abolished by Neo-Luddites and AI haters. That is why, perhaps, "elementary skills" may look like a sort of "prowess".
The credo of esoteric Neo-Luddism is rather simple: "Secular knowledge is useless". For example: "A wiki is useless" (and, perhaps, any secular books as well, because technical literature is often outdated, and all the truth is in the Holy Scriptures). Practical reason can easily be sacrificed in the name of ideology, strange beliefs or fears. Neo-Luddism, AI hate, and other sorts of ideological obsession might be seen as "natural symptoms" of cognitive decline and dementia.
bluealsa was tested on Linux Mint with systemd (without pulseaudio and pipewire).
On Devuan, one may need a SysVinit (init.d) script for BlueAlsa
_https://github.com/joe-skb7/bluealsa-sysvinit
mkdir sysVinit_bluealsa
cd sysVinit_bluealsa
git clone https://github.com/joe-skb7/bluealsa-sysvinit.git$ ls
bluealsa-sysvinitcd bluealsa-sysvinit$ ls -1
bluealsa
README.md$ cat bluealsa
#!/bin/sh
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides: bluealsa
# Default-Start: 2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop: 0 1 6
# Required-Start: dbus $syslog $local_fs $remote_fs bluetooth
# Required-Stop: dbus $syslog $local_fs $remote_fs
# Short-Description: Bluealsa daemon
### END INIT INFO
. /lib/lsb/init-functions
NAME=bluealsa
DESC="Bluealsa daemon"
DAEMON=/usr/bin/$NAME
PIDFILE="/var/run/$NAME.pid"
COMMON_OPTS="--quiet --oknodo --pidfile $PIDFILE"
BA_OPTS="-p a2dp-source -p a2dp-sink"
# Exit if the package is not installed
[ -x "$DAEMON" ] || exit 0
# Read configuration variable file if it is present
[ -f /etc/default/bluez-alsa ] && . /etc/default/bluez-alsa
start() {
log_daemon_msg "Starting $DESC" "$NAME"
start-stop-daemon --start --background --make-pidfile $COMMON_OPTS \
--exec $DAEMON -- $BA_OPTS $OPTIONS
log_end_msg $?
}
stop() {
log_daemon_msg "Stopping $DESC" "$NAME"
start-stop-daemon --stop $COMMON_OPTS --exec $DAEMON
log_end_msg $?
}
case "$1" in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
restart|force-reload)
stop
start
;;
status)
status_of_proc -p $PIDFILE $DAEMON $NAME
;;
*)
echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|force-reload|restart|status}"
exit 2
;;
esac3. Install and start sysvinit script:
# cp bluealsa /etc/init.d # update-rc.d bluealsa defaults # update-rc.d bluealsa enable # service bluealsa start_https://github.com/joe-skb7/bluealsa-sysvinit
NOTE: To restart ALSA on Devuan with SysV-Init (default), one can use these commands:
$ sudo /etc/init.d/alsa-utils force-reload Shutting down ALSA...done. Setting up ALSA...done. $ sudo service alsa-utils restart Shutting down ALSA...done. Setting up ALSA...done. $ sudo service alsa-utils force-reload Shutting down ALSA...done. Setting up ALSA...done.
defaults.pcm.rate_converter "fftrate" For example:
$ cat ~/.asoundrc
# ---------------------------------------------
# Bluetooth Headphones
# Configuration for default audio device
#----------------------------------------------
defaults.pcm.rate_converter "fftrate"
# Perform plug device
pcm.!default
{
type plug
slave.pcm "bluealsa"
hint.description "Default device"
}Notice that the package "bluez-alsa-utils" does not provide any sort of "virtual sound card".
It means that you cannot configure a software mixer for bluealsa with arateconf
ALSA software mixer needs dmix, but it does not work with "virtual PCM devices" such as bluealsa
A BlueALSA PCM can only be opened by one process at a time. This can be inconvenient in many scenarios. For example, some audio applications keep the ALSA PCM device open, even when they are not actively streaming any audio, and so it is necessary to close each application before any other can use the device; desktop systems may like to emit system sounds while music is playing; etc.
ALSA provides a solution to this for hardware cards with the "dmix" plugin. That plugin allows multiple open connections, mixes the streams together, then sends the result as a single stream to the hardware device. Unfortunately dmix works as a front-end only with hardware (ie "hw" type) devices, and not with any other plugin types such as BlueALSA.
So it is not possible to configure BlueALSA as a backend device for dmix. We are forced to find an indirect method; that is, use a "hw" device that can forward the mixed stream on to a BlueALSA PCM. Fortunately, ALSA provides just such a device, the "Loopback" device, which is a kernel driver that implements a virtual sound card.
This wiki article describes one way that BlueALSA can be used with the ALSA Loopback device and the dmix plugin to achieve mixing of multiple audio streams into a single BlueALSA playback PCM.
_https://github-wiki-see.page/m/Arkq/bluez-alsa/wiki/Using-bluealsa-with-dmix
However, ALSA "Loopback" device (virtual sound card) can reduce sound quality.
See also:
_https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Advanced_Linux_Sound_Architecture#High_quality_resampling
_https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Bluetooth#ALSA
_https://manpages.debian.org/unstable/bluez-alsa-utils/bluealsa.8.en.html
bluealsa is a sort "virtual PCM device" (playback and capture)
_https://github.com/arkq/bluez-alsa
apt info bluez-alsa-utils$ apt-file find /usr/bin/bluealsa
bluez-alsa-utils: /usr/bin/bluealsa
bluez-alsa-utils: /usr/bin/bluealsa-aplay The default settings for bluealsa are enabled in ALSA config (if the package "bluez-alsa-utils" is installed):
$ cat /etc/alsa/conf.d/20-bluealsa.conf
# BlueALSA integration setup
# By default the predefined "bluealsa" PCM will use
# the most recently connected Bluetooth device.
defaults.bluealsa.device "00:00:00:00:00:00"
# Default to A2DP connection because that is what
# most people want to use - high quality audio.
defaults.bluealsa.profile "a2dp"
# By default allow BlueALSA to negotiate the "best"
# codec for each PCM.
defaults.bluealsa.codec "unchanged"
...$ aplay -L | grep bluealsa
bluealsa alsamixer -D bluealsa
aplay -D bluealsa *.wavBlueALSA also allows to capture audio from the connected Bluetooth device. To do so, one has to use the capture PCM device, e.g.:
arecord -D bluealsa -f s16_le -c 2 -r 48000 capture.wav_https://github.com/arkq/bluez-alsa
$ bluealsa-aplay -L
bluealsa:DEV=EC:66:D1:BF:02:05,PROFILE=a2dp,SRV=org.bluealsa
Godess of Wisdom, trusted audio-headphones, playback
A2DP (SBC): S16_LE 2 channels 48000 Hz
$ bluealsa-aplay -l
**** List of PLAYBACK Bluetooth Devices ****
hci0: EC:66:D1:BF:02:05 [Godess of Wisdom], trusted audio-headphones
A2DP (SBC): S16_LE 2 channels 48000 Hz
**** List of CAPTURE Bluetooth Devices ****Since the vast majority of Linux users are semi-deaf, semi-blind, and half-demented, Linux web browsers and media players usually have low quality resamlers with which they convert digital sound into a sort of digital crap. There are, however, few exceptions (e.g., Audacious).
If your bluetooth headphones supports only "S16_LE 2 channels 48000 Hz" audio format, you can take a wave or FLAC of CD format (or HiRes) and try to play it with a media player to see whether resampling is performed by the player or by ALSA (that is, by fftrate which is now the default).
$ file *.wav
test.wav: RIFF (little-endian) data, WAVE audio, Microsoft PCM, 16 bit, stereo 44100 Hz
$ file *.flac
test.flac: FLAC audio bitstream data, 16 bit, stereo, 44.1 kHz, 9961896 samplesFFT is the fftrate codec (now the default ALSA converter/resampler)
$ aplay *.wav
[2492] D: bluealsa-pcm.c:1386: Getting BlueALSA PCM: PLAYBACK 00:00:00:00:00:00 a2dp
...
Playing WAVE 'test.wav' : Signed 16 bit Little Endian, Rate 44100 Hz, Stereo
...
Input: 44100 Hz, 2 ch, 's16_le' (0x2): dummy = 0, period = 5512
Output: 48000 Hz, 2 ch, 's16_le' (0x2): dummy = 0, period = 6000
Rates: 44096 --> 48000 (J: 0,01%, T: FFT, W: Vorbis)
Ok.
...$ audacious 2>&1
[5588] D: bluealsa-pcm.c:1386: Getting BlueALSA PCM: PLAYBACK 00:00:00:00:00:00 a2dp
...
Input: 44100 Hz, 2 ch, 's16_le' (0x2): dummy = 0, period = 2756
Output: 48000 Hz, 2 ch, 's16_le' (0x2): dummy = 0, period = 3000
Rates: 44096 --> 48000 (J: 0,01%, T: FFT, W: Vorbis)
Ok.
...$ clapper 2>&1 *.flac
[6863] D: bluealsa-pcm.c:1386: Getting BlueALSA PCM: PLAYBACK 00:00:00:00:00:00 a2dp
...
Input: 44100 Hz, 2 ch, 's16_le' (0x2): dummy = 0, period = 441
Output: 48000 Hz, 2 ch, 's16_le' (0x2): dummy = 0, period = 480
Rates: 44100 --> 48000 (J: 0,00%, T: FFT, W: Vorbis)
Ok.
...$ strawberry 2>&1 *.flac
[7285] D: bluealsa-pcm.c:1386: Getting BlueALSA PCM: PLAYBACK 00:00:00:00:00:00 a2dp
...
Input: 44100 Hz, 2 ch, 's16_le' (0x2): dummy = 0, period = 441
Output: 48000 Hz, 2 ch, 's16_le' (0x2): dummy = 0, period = 480
Rates: 44100 --> 48000 (J: 0,00%, T: FFT, W: Vorbis)
Ok.
...dmix (with fftrate) makes the difference.
mpv on Devuan with ALSA software mixer (dmix) configured with Petrov's arateconf
(without pulseaudio and pipewire).
Soundcard iMic USB supports only 16bit 48kHz audio format.pw.conf is a sort of pipewire config (it is not installed).
Bug#1038394: libpipewire
_https://groups.google.com/g/linux.debian.bugs.dist/c/JCDQBHGkxMY
_https://gitlab.archlinux.org/archlinux/packaging/packages/pipewire/-/issues/1$ mpv 2>&1 *.mp4 (+) Video --vid=1 (*) (h264 848x480 25.000fps) (+) Audio --aid=1 (*) (aac 2ch 44100Hz) [W][33501.807636] pw.conf | [ conf.c: 939 try_load_conf()] can't load config client.conf: No such file or directory [E][33501.807661] pw.conf | [ conf.c: 963 pw_conf_load_conf_for_context()] can't load default config client.conf: No such file or directory Input: 44100 Hz, 2 ch, 's32_le' (0xa): dummy = 0, period = 1764 Output: 48000 Hz, 2 ch, 's16_le' (0x2): dummy = 0, period = 1920 Rates: 44100 --> 48000 (J: 0.00%, T: FFT, W: Vorbis) Ok. AO: [alsa] 44100Hz stereo 2ch float VO: [gpu] 848x480 => 853x480 yuv420p (Paused) AV: 00:00:17 / 00:10:49 (3%) A-V: -0.000$ celluloid 2>&1 [W][32816.655765] pw.conf | [ conf.c: 939 try_load_conf()] can't load config client.conf: No such file or directory [E][32816.655785] pw.conf | [ conf.c: 963 pw_conf_load_conf_for_context()] can't load default config client.conf: No such file or directory Input: 44100 Hz, 2 ch, 's32_le' (0xa): dummy = 0, period = 1764 Output: 48000 Hz, 2 ch, 's16_le' (0x2): dummy = 0, period = 1920 Rates: 44100 --> 48000 (J: 0.00%, T: FFT, W: Vorbis) Ok.$ mediainfo *.mp4 | grep Audio -A9 Audio ID : 2 Format : AAC LC Format/Info : Advanced Audio Codec Low Complexity Codec ID : mp4a-40-2 Duration : 10 min 49 s Bit rate mode : Constant Bit rate : 128 kb/s Channel(s) : 2 channels Channel layout : L R Sampling rate : 44.1 kHz Frame rate : 43.066 FPS (1024 SPF) Compression mode : Lossysudo apt install mediainfo
bluez-alsa-utils (which provides a virtual sound card for playback and capture via bluez bluetooth mediation).
It seems that it does not provide any "virtual sound card".
What it does provide is a sort "virtual PCM device" named "bluealsa"
_https://github.com/arkq/bluez-alsa
aplay -D bluealsa test.wav alsamixer -D bluealsa $ bluealsa-aplay -l
**** List of PLAYBACK Bluetooth Devices ****
hci0: EC:66:D1:BF:02:05 [Godess of Wisdom], trusted audio-headphones
A2DP (SBC): S16_LE 2 channels 48000 Hz
**** List of CAPTURE Bluetooth Devices **** It can be configured as default playback device, e.g. ~/.asoundrc.
The question is how to configure a dmix for it.
EDIT:
Unfortunately dmix works as a front-end only with hardware (ie "hw" type) devices, and not with any other plugin types such as BlueALSA.
So it is not possible to configure BlueALSA as a backend device for dmix. We are forced to find an indirect method; that is, use a "hw" device that can forward the mixed stream on to a BlueALSA PCM. Fortunately, ALSA provides just such a device, the "Loopback" device, which is a kernel driver that implements a virtual sound card.
This wiki article describes one way that BlueALSA can be used with the ALSA Loopback device and the dmix plugin to achieve mixing of multiple audio streams into a single BlueALSA playback PCM.
_https://github-wiki-see.page/m/Arkq/bluez-alsa/wiki/Using-bluealsa-with-dmix
A very simple ALSA config for Bluetooth Headphones:
$ cat ~/.asoundrc
# -------------------------------------------
# Bluetooth Headphones
#
# Configuration for default audio device
#--------------------------------------------
# Perform plug device
pcm.!default
{
type plug
slave.pcm "bluealsa"
hint.description "Default device"
}bluealsa is a Linux daemon to give applications access to Bluetooth audio streams using the Bluetooth A2DP, HFP, HSP and/or BLE-MIDI profiles. It provides a D-Bus API to applications, and can be used by ALSA applications via libasound plugins (see bluealsa-plugins(7) for details).
_https://manpages.debian.org/unstable/bluez-alsa-utils/bluealsa.8.en.html
$ apt-file find /usr/bin/bluealsa
bluez-alsa-utils: /usr/bin/bluealsa
bluez-alsa-utils: /usr/bin/bluealsa-aplayThe so-called Ubuntu sources are Debian sources with (or without) Ubuntu patches.
Do you remember an old story of fox and the grapes?
_https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Fox_and_the_Grapes
If you really want to learn something, you may try to reproduce my experiments.
If you need a ready package, you may ask stopAI.
He had already compiled everything
_https://dev1galaxy.org/viewtopic.php?pid=55960#p55960
Are you going to compile it or not?
@greenjeans
Have you already forgotten what you said today? (02:18:56)
@tux_99, Dude! That's hot stuff, nice find!! Exactly the kind of thing we need.