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		<title><![CDATA[Dev1 Galaxy Forum / Other Issues]]></title>
		<link>https://dev1galaxy.org/index.php</link>
		<description><![CDATA[The most recent topics at Dev1 Galaxy Forum.]]></description>
		<lastBuildDate>Wed, 28 Oct 2026 11:42:01 +0000</lastBuildDate>
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		<item>
			<title><![CDATA[2800 open issues]]></title>
			<link>https://dev1galaxy.org/viewtopic.php?id=8249&amp;action=new</link>
			<description><![CDATA[<p>@coder-hase Thanks for your contribution </p><div class="quotebox"><blockquote><div><p>I&#039;m working on a Raspberry Pi project where I have the strong use case to dump systemd</p></div></blockquote></div><p>I have the same use case with Raspberry Pi 4 for my home automatisation. But it does not need a GUI. A CLI is enough and a webserver.</p><div class="quotebox"><blockquote><div><p>leave the shiny modern desktops behind.</p></div></blockquote></div><p>What are these ? I am on MATE, since the MATE fork and/or my change to debian. </p><div class="quotebox"><blockquote><div><p>There may be other options as well.</p></div></blockquote></div><p>1. is a reasonable&#160; approach IMHO<br />I miss <br />4. design a distribution with draining source code packages from all over the place , dpkg them and the help of amprolla.</p>]]></description>
			<author><![CDATA[dummy@example.com (bai4Iej2need)]]></author>
			<pubDate>Wed, 28 Oct 2026 11:42:01 +0000</pubDate>
			<guid>https://dev1galaxy.org/viewtopic.php?id=8249&amp;action=new</guid>
		</item>
		<item>
			<title><![CDATA[Restarting sddm makes regular user part of the root group]]></title>
			<link>https://dev1galaxy.org/viewtopic.php?id=8265&amp;action=new</link>
			<description><![CDATA[<p>Well for a while I used <span class="bbc">xdm</span> myself, of nostalgia perhaps, but on this last machine I&#039;ve got <span class="bbc">lightdm</span> with <span class="bbc">lxqt-session</span> and then <span class="bbc">xfwm4</span> as window manager. My setup includes much of LxQt though I&#039;ve swapped in <span class="bbc">xfce4-terminal</span> which had more configurability in looks and behaviour (getting reduced it seems).</p><p><span class="bbc">lightdm</span> probably works for you, otherwise <span class="bbc">xdm</span> is a simple and good &quot;greeter&quot;. It&#039;s a function where &quot;less is more&quot;.</p>]]></description>
			<author><![CDATA[dummy@example.com (ralph.ronnquist)]]></author>
			<pubDate>Tue, 27 Oct 2026 21:41:41 +0000</pubDate>
			<guid>https://dev1galaxy.org/viewtopic.php?id=8265&amp;action=new</guid>
		</item>
		<item>
			<title><![CDATA[[SOLVED] Excalibur and fail2ban]]></title>
			<link>https://dev1galaxy.org/viewtopic.php?id=7368&amp;action=new</link>
			<description><![CDATA[<p>For the record, there is this open bug on the Debian tracker: <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=1121919" rel="nofollow">https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugrepo … ug=1121919</a></p>]]></description>
			<author><![CDATA[dummy@example.com (joril)]]></author>
			<pubDate>Fri, 23 Oct 2026 07:53:45 +0000</pubDate>
			<guid>https://dev1galaxy.org/viewtopic.php?id=7368&amp;action=new</guid>
		</item>
		<item>
			<title><![CDATA[Proxmox on Devuan]]></title>
			<link>https://dev1galaxy.org/viewtopic.php?id=4079&amp;action=new</link>
			<description><![CDATA[<p>Proxmox on Devuan is possible. POC can be found at <a href="https://github.com/psakar/proxmox-devuan" rel="nofollow">https://github.com/psakar/proxmox-devuan</a><br />I&#039;m running it on my homelab,<br />Beware - it was built with help of Claude. No ZFS or Ceph ATM</p>]]></description>
			<author><![CDATA[dummy@example.com (saki)]]></author>
			<pubDate>Wed, 21 Oct 2026 10:31:02 +0000</pubDate>
			<guid>https://dev1galaxy.org/viewtopic.php?id=4079&amp;action=new</guid>
		</item>
		<item>
			<title><![CDATA[How can I create my own Linux distribution based on Devuan]]></title>
			<link>https://dev1galaxy.org/viewtopic.php?id=8227&amp;action=new</link>
			<description><![CDATA[<div class="quotebox"><blockquote><div><p>Can refractasnapshot be used in conjunction with the Calamares installer?</p></div></blockquote></div><p>Certainly! Some folks have already done so I believe including Fsmithred. Snapshot and Installer are two different apps, neither one depending on the other.</p>]]></description>
			<author><![CDATA[dummy@example.com (greenjeans)]]></author>
			<pubDate>Sat, 10 Oct 2026 16:13:57 +0000</pubDate>
			<guid>https://dev1galaxy.org/viewtopic.php?id=8227&amp;action=new</guid>
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		<item>
			<title><![CDATA[Devuan Excalibur KDE Plasma fresh install - Discover AWOL.]]></title>
			<link>https://dev1galaxy.org/viewtopic.php?id=7782&amp;action=new</link>
			<description><![CDATA[<h5>KDE Plasma Discover, packages fix</h5><p>The <strong>solution</strong> (provided by <strong>rbit</strong>) is &quot;shown running&quot; here:<br />&#160; &#160; <a href="https://dev1galaxy.org/viewtopic.php?pid=65844#p65844" rel="nofollow">https://dev1galaxy.org/viewtopic.php?pid=65844#p65844</a></p><p>And <strong>rbit</strong>&#039;s <em>perfectly working</em> <strong>shell script</strong> is here:<br />&#160; &#160; <a href="https://dev1galaxy.org/viewtopic.php?pid=63245#p63245" rel="nofollow">https://dev1galaxy.org/viewtopic.php?pid=63245#p63245</a></p><p>(I&#039;ve tested that it <em>works perfectly</em> with Devuan 6 excalibur,<br />&#160; &#160; and it is coded to also work with Devuan 7 freia,<br />&#160; &#160; and Devuan 5 and 4, daedalus and chimaera).</p>]]></description>
			<author><![CDATA[dummy@example.com (KindlyDoRight)]]></author>
			<pubDate>Tue, 06 Oct 2026 12:22:13 +0000</pubDate>
			<guid>https://dev1galaxy.org/viewtopic.php?id=7782&amp;action=new</guid>
		</item>
		<item>
			<title><![CDATA[KDE Plasma freezes and becomes unresponsive sometimes]]></title>
			<link>https://dev1galaxy.org/viewtopic.php?id=8138&amp;action=new</link>
			<description><![CDATA[<p><strong>blackhole</strong>, thank you for the proper troubleshooting technique, and for the insightful explanation. Nice!</p><p>Due to the likely GPU-Compositor interaction, I&#039;m thinking that... (<em>temporarily</em>)<br />&#160; &#160; <strong>turning off the Plasma Compositor</strong> could improve some desktop stability,<br />&#160; &#160; <em>while attempting</em> to apply a remedy (GPU driver update, configuration fix, etc.)</p><p>For Devuan excalibur:<br />System Settings &gt; Input &amp; Output &gt; Display &amp; Monitor &gt; Compositor<br />&#160; &#160; <span class="bbc">Compositing:</span> [ ] Enable on startup&#160; (<em>unmark this setting</em>)</p><p>(<em>Other thoughts and insights are welcome. Long-term desktop stability is important</em>)</p><p>Oh, &lt;<em>sheepishly</em>&gt; I happen to be one of those folks who benefits <em>tremendously</em> from having an LTS kernel.</p>]]></description>
			<author><![CDATA[dummy@example.com (KindlyDoRight)]]></author>
			<pubDate>Tue, 06 Oct 2026 09:11:27 +0000</pubDate>
			<guid>https://dev1galaxy.org/viewtopic.php?id=8138&amp;action=new</guid>
		</item>
		<item>
			<title><![CDATA[[SOLVED] error report - kernel excalibur-backports]]></title>
			<link>https://dev1galaxy.org/viewtopic.php?id=8225&amp;action=new</link>
			<description><![CDATA[<p>thanks, it fucntioned after applieing</p><div class="codebox"><pre><code>sudo apt modernize-sources
The following files need modernizing:
  - /etc/apt/sources.list
  - /etc/apt/sources.list.d/boinc.list

Modernizing will replace .list files with the new .sources format,
add Signed-By values where they can be determined automatically,
and save the old files into .list.bak files.

This command supports the &#039;signed-by&#039; and &#039;trusted&#039; options. If you
have specified other options inside [] brackets, please transfer them
manually to the output files; see sources.list(5) for a mapping.

For a simulation, respond N in the following prompt.
Rewrite 2 sources? [Y/n] 
Modernizing /etc/apt/sources.list...
- Writing /etc/apt/sources.list.d/devuan.sources
- Writing /etc/apt/sources.list.d/devuan-backports.sources
Warning: Could not determine Signed-By for URIs: http://deb.devuan.org/merged/, Suites: excalibur-backports</code></pre></div><div class="codebox"><pre><code>sudo apt update
Hit:1 http://deb.devuan.org/merged excalibur-backports InRelease
Hit:2 http://deb.devuan.org/merged excalibur InRelease
Hit:3 http://deb.devuan.org/merged excalibur-security InRelease
Hit:4 http://deb.devuan.org/merged excalibur-updates InRelease
Hit:5 https://boinc.berkeley.edu/dl/linux/alpha/trixie trixie InRelease
All packages are up to date.                         
Notice: Missing Signed-By in the sources.list(5) entry for &#039;http://deb.devuan.org/merged&#039;</code></pre></div><div class="codebox"><pre><code>sudo apt -t excalibur-backports install linux-image-amd64
Upgrading:                      
  linux-base  linux-headers-amd64  linux-image-amd64  linux-libc-dev  linux-sysctl-defaults

Installing dependencies:
  cpp-14-for-host               linux-binary-7.2.6+deb13-amd64    linux-kbuild-7.2.6+deb13
  gcc-14-for-host               linux-headers-7.2.6+deb13-amd64   linux-modules-7.2.6+deb13-amd64
  linux-base-7.2.6+deb13-amd64  linux-headers-7.2.6+deb13-common
  linux-base-amd64              linux-image-7.2.6+deb13-amd64

Suggested packages:
  debian-kernel-handbook  firmware-linux-free  linux-doc-7.2

Summary:
  Upgrading: 5, Installing: 10, Removing: 0, Not Upgrading: 129
  Download size: 191 MB
  Space needed: 290 MB / 739 GB available</code></pre></div>]]></description>
			<author><![CDATA[dummy@example.com (kapqa)]]></author>
			<pubDate>Mon, 05 Oct 2026 10:11:08 +0000</pubDate>
			<guid>https://dev1galaxy.org/viewtopic.php?id=8225&amp;action=new</guid>
		</item>
		<item>
			<title><![CDATA[Featured in Discover (KDE Plasma) not working]]></title>
			<link>https://dev1galaxy.org/viewtopic.php?id=4726&amp;action=new</link>
			<description><![CDATA[<h5>Updated: Found this post (by rbit on dev1galaxy, 2026-04-16)</h5><p><strong>rbit</strong>: &quot;I wrote a script to fix plasma-discover problem.&quot;<br /><a href="https://dev1galaxy.org/viewtopic.php?pid=63245#p63245" rel="nofollow">https://dev1galaxy.org/viewtopic.php?pid=63245#p63245</a></p><h5>(I removed my original post, an incomplete solution - [KindlyDoRight])</h5><p><strong>rbit</strong> has coded the correct solution.<br />(Absolutely <em>perfect results</em> for Devuan excalibur!)<br /><strong>(T h a n k&#160; &#160;y o u ,&#160; r b i t !)</strong></p><h5>First, examine current Appstream status</h5><div class="codebox"><pre><code>appstreamcli status</code></pre></div><h5>Applying rbit&#039;s Fix</h5><p>I copied <strong>rbit</strong>&#039;s shell script into &quot;FixPlasmaDiscover.sh&quot; file.</p><div class="codebox"><pre><code># (copy and paste rbit&#039;s shell code into FixPlasmaDiscover.sh, save, and close)
kate ~/Downloads/FixPlasmaDiscover.sh &amp;

# set execute permission, then run it.
chmod +x ~/Downloads/FixPlasmaDiscover.sh
sudo ~/Downloads/FixPlasmaDiscover.sh</code></pre></div><h5>Output</h5><div class="codebox"><pre class="vscroll"><code>Downloading: component: excalibur-main...
Downloading: component: excalibur-contrib...
Downloading: component: excalibur-non-free...
Downloading: component: excalibur-non-free-firmware...
Downloading: component: excalibur-updates-main...
Downloading: component: excalibur-updates-contrib...
Downloading: component: excalibur-updates-non-free...
Downloading: component: excalibur-updates-non-free-firmware...
Downloading: component: excalibur-backports-main...
Downloading: component: excalibur-backports-contrib...
Downloading: component: excalibur-backports-non-free...
Downloading: component: excalibur-backports-non-free-firmware...
Patching component: excalibur-main_amd64 ...
Downloading 48x48 icons for excalibur-main...
Downloading 64x64 icons for excalibur-main...
Downloading 128x128 icons for excalibur-main...
Downloading 48x48 icons for excalibur-contrib...
Downloading 64x64 icons for excalibur-contrib...
Downloading 128x128 icons for excalibur-contrib...
Downloading 48x48 icons for excalibur-non-free...
Downloading 64x64 icons for excalibur-non-free...
Downloading 128x128 icons for excalibur-non-free...
Downloading 48x48 icons for excalibur-non-free-firmware...
Downloading 64x64 icons for excalibur-non-free-firmware...
Downloading 128x128 icons for excalibur-non-free-firmware...
Downloading 48x48 icons for excalibur-updates-main...
Downloading 64x64 icons for excalibur-updates-main...
Downloading 128x128 icons for excalibur-updates-main...
Downloading 48x48 icons for excalibur-updates-contrib...
Downloading 64x64 icons for excalibur-updates-contrib...
Downloading 128x128 icons for excalibur-updates-contrib...
Downloading 48x48 icons for excalibur-updates-non-free...
Downloading 64x64 icons for excalibur-updates-non-free...
Downloading 128x128 icons for excalibur-updates-non-free...
Downloading 48x48 icons for excalibur-updates-non-free-firmware...
Downloading 64x64 icons for excalibur-updates-non-free-firmware...
Downloading 128x128 icons for excalibur-updates-non-free-firmware...
Downloading 48x48 icons for excalibur-backports-main...
Downloading 64x64 icons for excalibur-backports-main...
Downloading 128x128 icons for excalibur-backports-main...
Downloading 48x48 icons for excalibur-backports-contrib...
Downloading 64x64 icons for excalibur-backports-contrib...
Downloading 128x128 icons for excalibur-backports-contrib...
Downloading 48x48 icons for excalibur-backports-non-free...
Downloading 64x64 icons for excalibur-backports-non-free...
Downloading 128x128 icons for excalibur-backports-non-free...
Downloading 48x48 icons for excalibur-backports-non-free-firmware...
Downloading 64x64 icons for excalibur-backports-non-free-firmware...
Downloading 128x128 icons for excalibur-backports-non-free-firmware...</code></pre></div><h5>Review the updated Appstream status</h5><div class="codebox"><pre><code>appstreamcli status</code></pre></div>]]></description>
			<author><![CDATA[dummy@example.com (KindlyDoRight)]]></author>
			<pubDate>Mon, 05 Oct 2026 07:16:42 +0000</pubDate>
			<guid>https://dev1galaxy.org/viewtopic.php?id=4726&amp;action=new</guid>
		</item>
		<item>
			<title><![CDATA[benchmark anomalies > hpl (linpack)]]></title>
			<link>https://dev1galaxy.org/viewtopic.php?id=7398&amp;action=new</link>
			<description><![CDATA[<p>have updated the benchmark result for devuan 6, </p><p>the devuan box is upping the bar over the previous kubuntu result.</p><div class="codebox"><pre><code> OPERATING SYSTEM:       Devuan 6
    Kernel:               6.12.111+deb13-amd64 (x86_64)                                                                                                            
    Desktop:              KDE Plasma 6.3.6                                                                                                                         
    Display Server:       X Server 1.21.1.16                                                                                                                       
    Compiler:             GCC 14.2.0            </code></pre></div><div class="codebox"><pre><code>Current Description: AMD Ryzen 7 9700X 8-Core testing with a ASUS PRIME X670-P (3881 BIOS) and Sapphire AMD Radeon RX 7600 8GB on Devuan 6 via the Phoronix Test Suite.

New Description: 

HPL Linpack 2.3:
    pts/hpl-1.0.0
    Test 1 of 1
    Test Profile Status:          Experimental           
    Estimated Trial Run Count:    3                              
    Estimated Time To Completion: 1 Hour, 14 Minutes [09:38 UTC] 
        Started Run 1 @ 08:24:56
        Started Run 2 @ 08:26:50
        Started Run 3 @ 08:28:45

    Test Results:
        833.55
        830.88
        829.02

    Average: 831.15 GFLOPS
    Deviation: 0.27%

    Comparison of 393 OpenBenchmarking.org samples since 6 March 2021; median result: 84.49 GFLOPS. Box plot of samples:
    [#*!#*##*---------------------*---------------------------------------------------------------------------------|                                   ]
                                  ^ This Result (94th Percentile): 831
            ^ Intel Core i7-10750H: 213
      ^ AMD Ryzen 3 3200G: 60
         ^ Intel Xeon E-2288G: 135</code></pre></div>]]></description>
			<author><![CDATA[dummy@example.com (kapqa)]]></author>
			<pubDate>Sat, 03 Oct 2026 08:52:30 +0000</pubDate>
			<guid>https://dev1galaxy.org/viewtopic.php?id=7398&amp;action=new</guid>
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		<item>
			<title><![CDATA[yt-dlp in Debian 13 / Devuan 6 affected by serious CVE (Score: High)]]></title>
			<link>https://dev1galaxy.org/viewtopic.php?id=8158&amp;action=new</link>
			<description><![CDATA[<p>Yes it&#039;s very true that there is actually little point in packaging these types of scripts, which can simply be downloaded from the project&#039;s own page.</p><p>It&#039;s the nature of Debian however that anything and everything may be packaged while someone is willing to package it and then maintain it.</p><p>It is also the nature of Debian that, with very few exceptions, no new versions of &quot;upstream&quot; software are introduced after the &quot;freeze&quot;. Note: I&#039;m not defending this model, just explaining the basics of how it works.</p><p>Around 15 - 20 years ago, this manifested itself most publicly, in the multitudes of &quot;I want the latest firefox&quot; rant threads. This was where users who were running Debian stable, e.g. 1.5 years into a release, were still at easily a 2 year old firefox release (rebranded to &quot;iceweasel&quot; due to licence and trademark issues).</p><p>The obvious answer was to just go to mozilla and download it, but many still complained and felt entitled to the latest version. Unlike the example in this thread, Iceweasel did receive backported security patches, but functionality wise could be 2+ years behind.</p><p>This situation is similar - few will be happy with the packaged version, so it is indeed pointless.</p>]]></description>
			<author><![CDATA[dummy@example.com (blackhole)]]></author>
			<pubDate>Thu, 10 Sep 2026 17:04:45 +0000</pubDate>
			<guid>https://dev1galaxy.org/viewtopic.php?id=8158&amp;action=new</guid>
		</item>
		<item>
			<title><![CDATA[/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgtk3-nocsd.so.0' cannot be preloaded]]></title>
			<link>https://dev1galaxy.org/viewtopic.php?id=8171&amp;action=new</link>
			<description><![CDATA[<p>hello ,</p><p>on this laptop using devuan freia or maybe unstable</p><p>with kde plasma x11.</p><p>normally receive fairly daily upgrades , however tody chose to upgrade via &quot;discover&quot; which alwasys remind up impending update/upgrades but then does not finish seem to finish them mostly due to errors. there were lots of packages propeosed , maybe 600+.</p><p>since then have now this error here like</p><div class="codebox"><pre><code>source ~/.bashrc 
ERROR: ld.so: object &#039;/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgtk3-nocsd.so.0&#039; from LD_PRELOAD cannot be preloaded (cannot open shared object file): ignored.</code></pre></div><div class="codebox"><pre><code>locate libgtk3-nocsd.so.0
/usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libgtk3-nocsd.so.0
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgtk3-nocsd.so.0</code></pre></div><p>but when i look inside this folder &quot;/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu&quot; it seems the file object </p><div class="quotebox"><blockquote><div><p>/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgtk3-nocsd.so.0</p></div></blockquote></div><p> is not present?</p><p>sorry if i made anerror.</p><p><a href="https://postimg.cc/Q9zvXVYK" rel="nofollow"><span class="postimg"><img src="https://i.postimg.cc/Q9zvXVYK/Screenshot-20260902-202716.png" alt="Screenshot-20260902-202716.png" /></span></a></p><p><a href="https://postimg.cc/67P8CJHd" rel="nofollow"><span class="postimg"><img src="https://i.postimg.cc/67P8CJHd/Screenshot-20260902-230852.png" alt="Screenshot-20260902-230852.png" /></span></a></p>]]></description>
			<author><![CDATA[dummy@example.com (kapqa)]]></author>
			<pubDate>Wed, 02 Sep 2026 18:31:57 +0000</pubDate>
			<guid>https://dev1galaxy.org/viewtopic.php?id=8171&amp;action=new</guid>
		</item>
		<item>
			<title><![CDATA[Hardware Config advice for 4K screen laptop with NVIDIA]]></title>
			<link>https://dev1galaxy.org/viewtopic.php?id=7848&amp;action=new</link>
			<description><![CDATA[<p>I solved the above by entering the QT Scale command in the /usr/local/vpn.ac/bin/run script directly as that script had a pkexec command so nothing else I tried worked. If I shouldn&#039;t have added the QT scaling command there please let me know</p>]]></description>
			<author><![CDATA[dummy@example.com (SS)]]></author>
			<pubDate>Sat, 29 Aug 2026 00:53:17 +0000</pubDate>
			<guid>https://dev1galaxy.org/viewtopic.php?id=7848&amp;action=new</guid>
		</item>
		<item>
			<title><![CDATA[[SOLVED] udisksctl Error “GDBus.Error:org.freedesktop.UDisks2.Error.NotMounted”]]></title>
			<link>https://dev1galaxy.org/viewtopic.php?id=8041&amp;action=new</link>
			<description><![CDATA[<p>Sorry for the delay, but I’ve been going through some health issues lately.</p><p>Anyhow, i have just installed a <strong>Debian 13 (trixie)</strong> system, to test the <strong>‘apfs-dkms’</strong> package and to try and reproduce the problem under Debian proper.</p><p><strong>Result:</strong> Under Debian 13, mounting and unmounting an APFS partition on a disk dump file using the <strong>‘udisksctl’</strong> utility works fine; I presume, then, that under Devuan 6 (excalibur), it will also work (since that is based on Debian 13). I therefore consider the problem solved.</p><p>P.S.: I don&#039;t really like Debian 13 (trixie), since it won’t let me remove GRUB without installing <em>‘systemd-boot’.</em> Who came up with that idea? I want neither GRUB, nor systemd-boot, since I don’t want Debian (or any other system, for that matter) to mess with my <em>EFI System Partition</em>; I&#039;m prepared to clean up the ESP right after a system (e.g., Devuan) insists on setting up GRUB upon initial install, but after that, it should leave my ESP alone; <em>‘systemd-boot’</em> in particular is pretty aggressive in that regard, in that it wipes away my <em>/boot/efi/EFI/BOOT/BOOTX64.EFI</em> (as provided by Limine) and replaces it with its own version. YUCK!</p><p>I’ll simply dump Debian and replace it with Devuan 6; I already installed it once on an Apple MacBook Air, and it appears to be well-behaved.</p><p><strong><span style="color: red">UPDATE:</span></strong> I have just tested the <strong>‘udisksctl’</strong> utility to mount and unmount an APFS partition under Devuan 6 (excalibur) and, as expected, it works fine. Problem definitely solved!</p><p><strong><span style="color: red">UPDATE—QUICK (admittedly, off-topic) NOTE:</span></strong> Even though, by default, Debian 13 (trixie) wouldn’t let me remove GRUB without installing <em>‘systemd-boot’,</em> I eventually succeeded in avoiding having either boot loader on the system. All I had to do, was to purge the <em>‘shim-signed’</em> package first:</p><div class="codebox"><pre><code># apt purge shim-signed
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
  mokutil  shim-helpers-amd64-signed  shim-signed-common  shim-unsigned
Use &#039;apt autoremove&#039; to remove them.

REMOVING:
  shim-signed*

Summary:
  Upgrading: 0, Installing: 0, Removing: 1, Not Upgrading: 0
  Freed space: 1,068 kB

Continue? [Y/n] Y
(Reading database ... 110520 files and directories currently installed.)
Removing shim-signed:amd64 (1.51~1+deb13u1+16.1-2~deb13u1) ...
Installing for x86_64-efi platform.
Installation finished. No error reported.
No DKMS packages installed: not changing Secure Boot validation state.
(Reading database ... 110516 files and directories currently installed.)
Purging configuration files for shim-signed:amd64 (1.51~1+deb13u1+16.1-2~deb13u1) ...
Installing for x86_64-efi platform.
Installation finished. No error reported.
No DKMS packages installed: not changing Secure Boot validation state.</code></pre></div><p>(I have no use for <em>‘shim-signed’,</em> since I have <em>“Secure”</em> Restricted Boot disabled.)</p><p>I then also ran the auto-removal step that the output of the above command suggested:</p><div class="codebox"><pre><code># apt --purge autoremove
REMOVING:
  mokutil*  shim-helpers-amd64-signed*  shim-signed-common*  shim-unsigned*

Summary:
  Upgrading: 0, Installing: 0, Removing: 4, Not Upgrading: 0
  Freed space: 3,190 kB

Continue? [Y/n] Y
(Reading database ... 110516 files and directories currently installed.)
Removing shim-signed-common (1.51~1+deb13u1+16.1-2~deb13u1) ...
Removing mokutil (0.7.2-1) ...
Removing shim-helpers-amd64-signed (1+16.1+2~deb13u1) ...
Removing shim-unsigned:amd64 (16.1-2~deb13u1) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.13.1-1) ...
(Reading database ... 110490 files and directories currently installed.)
Purging configuration files for shim-signed-common (1.51~1+deb13u1+16.1-2~deb13u1) ...
Purging configuration files for shim-helpers-amd64-signed (1+16.1+2~deb13u1) ...</code></pre></div><p>I could subsequently remove GRUB:</p><div class="codebox"><pre class="vscroll"><code># apt purge --allow-remove-essential &#039;grub*&#039;
.
.
.
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
  efibootmgr  libefiboot1t64  libefivar1t64
Use &#039;apt autoremove&#039; to remove them.

REMOVING:
  grub-common*  grub-efi-amd64*  grub-efi-amd64-bin*  grub-efi-amd64-signed*  grub-efi-amd64-unsigned*  grub2-common*  os-prober*

WARNING: The following essential packages will be removed.
This should NOT be done unless you know exactly what you are doing!
  grub-efi-amd64-signed  grub-common (due to grub-efi-amd64-signed)

Summary:
  Upgrading: 0, Installing: 0, Removing: 7, Not Upgrading: 0
  Freed space: 42.6 MB

Continue? [Y/n] Y
(Reading database ... 110490 files and directories currently installed.)
Removing os-prober (1.83) ...
dpkg: warning: while removing os-prober, directory &#039;/var/lib/os-prober&#039; not empty so not removed
Removing grub-efi-amd64 (2.12-9+deb13u2) ...
Removing grub2-common (2.12-9+deb13u2) ...
Removing grub-efi-amd64-bin (2.12-9+deb13u2) ...
dpkg: warning: overriding problem because --force enabled:
dpkg: warning: this is a protected package; it should not be removed
Removing grub-efi-amd64-signed (1+2.12+9+deb13u2) ...
Removing grub-efi-amd64-unsigned (2.12-9+deb13u2) ...
Removing grub-common (2.12-9+deb13u2) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.13.1-1) ...
(Reading database ... 109977 files and directories currently installed.)
Purging configuration files for grub2-common (2.12-9+deb13u2) ...
Purging configuration files for grub-common (2.12-9+deb13u2) ...
dpkg: warning: while removing grub-common, directory &#039;/var/lib/grub/ucf&#039; not empty so not removed
Purging configuration files for grub-efi-amd64 (2.12-9+deb13u2) ...
Purging configuration files for grub-efi-amd64-bin (2.12-9+deb13u2) ...</code></pre></div><p>Afterwards, I did a bit of cleanup:</p><ul><li><p>Reviewed the warnings, i.e., checked and deleted directories <em>‘/var/lib/os-prober’</em> and <em>‘/var/lib/grub/ucf’</em> (after which&#160; <em>‘/var/lib/grub’</em> could also be deleted);</p></li><li><p>Marked <em>‘efibootmgr’</em> as manually installed—after which no packages remained to be auto-removed;</p></li><li><p>Ran <em>‘efibootmgr’</em> to clean up the EFI Boot Menu;</p></li><li><p>Cleaned up the ESP (<em>“EFI System Partition”</em>), i.e., deleted its <em>‘debian’</em> subdirectory;</p></li><li><p>Cleaned up the&#160; <em>‘/boot’</em> directory, i.e., deleted its <em>‘grub’</em> subdirectory.</p></li></ul><p><strong>Done!</strong></p>]]></description>
			<author><![CDATA[dummy@example.com (luvr)]]></author>
			<pubDate>Thu, 27 Aug 2026 20:16:24 +0000</pubDate>
			<guid>https://dev1galaxy.org/viewtopic.php?id=8041&amp;action=new</guid>
		</item>
		<item>
			<title><![CDATA[Xsane bad scan image quality]]></title>
			<link>https://dev1galaxy.org/viewtopic.php?id=8148&amp;action=new</link>
			<description><![CDATA[<p>simple scan = Document Scanner<br />as it is called in the DE (Cinnamon)<br />(mentioned in post #2)</p>]]></description>
			<author><![CDATA[dummy@example.com (Andre4freedom)]]></author>
			<pubDate>Wed, 19 Aug 2026 08:12:50 +0000</pubDate>
			<guid>https://dev1galaxy.org/viewtopic.php?id=8148&amp;action=new</guid>
		</item>
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